van Dijk Ludger, Rietveld Erik
Centre for Philosophical Psychology, Department of Philosophy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Phenomenol Cogn Sci. 2025;24(2):455-477. doi: 10.1007/s11097-020-09701-2. Epub 2020 Sep 3.
Imagination is often considered the pinnacle of representational cognition. Looking at the concrete details of imagining in context, this paper aims to contribute to the emerging literature that is challenging this representational view by offering a relational and radically situated alternative. On the basis of observing architects in the process of making an architectural art installation, we show how to consider imagination not as de-contextualized achievement by an individual but as an opening up to larger-scale "affordances," i.e. the unfolding possibilities for action. We show how the architects coordinate the enactment of multiple affordances across different timescales, from small-scale affordances of picking up a mobile phone to the large-scale affordance of making the installation that takes months to unfold. These affordances get co-determined as they are jointly enacted. It is within this determining process that imagination too finds its place. On our view it is the indeterminacy of multiple affordances unfolding in action simultaneously that can be experienced as imaginative. The indeterminate character of this coordinative process allows activities to widen and open up, letting new possibilities for action enter into them.
想象力通常被视为表征认知的巅峰。从情境中想象的具体细节来看,本文旨在通过提供一种关系性且彻底情境化的替代观点,为挑战这种表征观点的新兴文献做出贡献。基于观察建筑师制作建筑艺术装置的过程,我们展示了如何将想象力并非视为个体脱离情境的成就,而是视为对更大规模“可供性”的开放,即行动展开的可能性。我们展示了建筑师如何在不同时间尺度上协调多种可供性的实施,从小规模拿起手机的可供性到花费数月展开的制作装置的大规模可供性。这些可供性在共同实施时会共同被决定。正是在这个决定过程中,想象力也找到了自己的位置。在我们看来,正是多个可供性在行动中同时展开的不确定性能够被体验为富有想象力。这种协调过程的不确定特征使活动得以扩展和开放,让新的行动可能性进入其中。