Ariza Diana C Molina, Aponte-Gutiérrez Andrés Felipe, Berdugo-Gutiérrez Jesús A
DM: Bact. M. Sc. Salud Pública. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede La Paz. Valledupar. Cesar, Colombia.
AA: Biólogo, M. Sc. Ciencias Biológicas. Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Orinoquía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Orinoquia, Colombia.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2023 May 1;25(3):110829. doi: 10.15446/rsap.V25n3.110829. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Tuberculosis, a curable and preventable disease, persists as one of the 10 leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world population. According to epidemiological bulletins from the Mayor's Office of Riohacha, there has been an unexplained increase in the number of cases in the last five years.
This paper analyzes the factors associated with the incidence of tuberculosis cases from 2018 to 2022 reported in Sivigila. Different variables were analyzed and compared by comparison of proportions especially between 2021, 2021 and 2022 and as a group analyzed by principal component analysis using the R platform.
It was found that men had a higher presentation than women, and of people without social security, that the age distribution of the disease was the same in the years evaluated, 90 °% of the positives were indigenous or migrants with a significant increase in the number of migrants. Occupation was the variable that most explained the presentation of the cases, and among them housewives and "not applicable" were the most important (48 °%), and there were no differences in the form of diagnosis in all evaluated.
It can be concluded that migration and the lack of social security contribute to the increase in the number of tuberculosis cases observed. It is paradoxical that men are the most affected but that the major occupation of presentation is housewives.
结核病是一种可治愈且可预防的疾病，仍然是全球人口发病和死亡的十大主要原因之一。根据里奥阿查市长办公室的流行病学公报，过去五年病例数出现了不明原因的增加。
本文分析了2018年至2022年在Sivigila报告的结核病病例发病率相关因素。通过比例比较分析和比较了不同变量，特别是2021年、2021年和2022年之间，并使用R平台通过主成分分析作为一组进行分析。
发现男性的发病率高于女性，在没有社会保障的人群中，所评估年份的疾病年龄分布相同，90%的阳性患者为原住民或移民，移民数量显著增加。职业是最能解释病例表现的变量，其中家庭主妇和“不适用”是最重要的（48%），在所有评估的诊断形式上没有差异。
可以得出结论，移民和缺乏社会保障导致了观察到的结核病病例数增加。矛盾的是，男性受影响最大，但发病的主要职业却是家庭主妇。
