Al-Faraj Hanan, Kum Cleopatra, Warner Lynn, Lee Rebecca C, Becker Richard, Bakas Tamilyn
College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Research & Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Libraries, Donald C. Harrison Health Sciences Library, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2025 Jun;47(6):544-554. doi: 10.1177/01939459251326816. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
Engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors following myocardial infarction can improve clinical health outcomes and lower cardiovascular risk factors among patients. However, adhering to a healthy lifestyle after having a myocardial infarction can be challenging, especially for those experiencing poor mental health.
Based on a conceptual model derived from Lazarus and Folkman's Theory of Stress and Coping and the Health Belief Model, this integrative review focuses on mental health factors associated with adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors post-myocardial infarction.
Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method was used to search and select relevant literature from the EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases between 2013 and 2023.
A total of 35 articles were included in the review. Based on the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model criteria, 34 studies were of good quality (B). Mental health factors related to healthy lifestyle behaviors after myocardial infarction included the following: (1) personality factors and coping (eg, neuroticism, agreeableness, and optimism); (2) psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and fear); (3) appraisal (ie, illness perception); (4) health beliefs (ie, susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy); and (5) motivation. Social support and demographic characteristics were also related to adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors.
This review highlights the role of mental health factors in adhering to healthy lifestyle behaviors among persons with myocardial infarction. Comprehensive theoretically based approaches are needed to develop future interventions for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in individuals post-myocardial infarction.
心肌梗死后采取健康的生活方式行为可以改善患者的临床健康结局并降低心血管危险因素。然而，心肌梗死后坚持健康的生活方式可能具有挑战性，尤其是对于那些心理健康状况不佳的人。
基于拉扎勒斯和福克曼的压力与应对理论以及健康信念模型衍生出的概念模型，本整合性综述聚焦于与心肌梗死后坚持健康生活方式行为相关的心理健康因素。
采用惠特莫尔和克纳夫的整合性综述方法，在2013年至2023年期间从EMBASE、PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus和PsycINFO数据库中检索并选择相关文献。
本综述共纳入35篇文章。根据约翰霍普金斯循证护理实践模型标准，34项研究质量良好（B级）。心肌梗死后与健康生活方式行为相关的心理健康因素包括以下方面：（1）人格因素与应对方式（如神经质、宜人性和乐观主义）；（2）心理症状（即抑郁、焦虑和恐惧）；（3）认知评价（即疾病认知）；（4）健康信念（即易感性、严重性、益处、障碍、行动线索和自我效能感）；以及（5）动机。社会支持和人口统计学特征也与坚持健康生活方式行为有关。
本综述强调了心理健康因素在心肌梗死患者坚持健康生活方式行为中的作用。需要基于理论的综合方法来制定未来的干预措施，以促进心肌梗死后个体的健康生活方式行为。
