Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Torrijo Belanche C, Saez M, Peraita-Costa I, Llopis-González A
Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, València, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA), Zaragoza, Spain.
Semergen. 2025 Mar;51(2):102341. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2024.102341. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
While acute myocardial infarction is rare in children, a part of the pediatric population is at a higher risk due to preexisting non-modifiable conditions. To mitigate the risk, modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet or sedentary lifestyle should be controlled from childhood, promoting healthy habits from the earliest stages. The primary purpose of this review is to assess the evidence on lifestyle/nutrition related modifiable risk factor intervention on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in children found in four databases, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and WoS. After screening, 29 of 272 articles assessed met the inclusion criteria. We found evidence that a healthy lifestyle, including an adequate dietary pattern and good eating habits in childhood, reduces the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction. The data retrieved from this review are consistent with the hypothesis that a healthy lifestyle might contribute lower the risk of acute myocardial infarction in at-risk children.
虽然急性心肌梗死在儿童中很少见，但由于存在不可改变的既往状况，部分儿童人群面临的风险更高。为降低风险，应从儿童时期就控制不健康饮食或久坐不动的生活方式等可改变的风险因素，从最早阶段就培养健康习惯。本综述的主要目的是评估在四个数据库（PubMed、Embase、Scopus和WoS）中找到的关于生活方式/营养相关可改变风险因素干预对儿童急性心肌梗死风险影响的证据。经过筛选，评估的272篇文章中有29篇符合纳入标准。我们发现有证据表明，健康的生活方式，包括儿童时期适当的饮食模式和良好的饮食习惯，可降低急性心肌梗死的患病率。从本综述中检索到的数据与以下假设一致，即健康的生活方式可能有助于降低高危儿童急性心肌梗死的风险。
