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利用一种GGDEF蛋白将二酰基甘油激酶招募到膜上进行脂质循环利用。

uses a GGDEF protein to recruit diacylglycerol kinase to the membrane for lipid recycling.

作者信息

Mychack Aaron, Evans Dwayne, Gilles Tarah, James Michael J, Walker Suzanne

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138.

出版信息

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Mar 25;122(12):e2414696122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2414696122. Epub 2025 Mar 18.

Abstract

is a Gram-positive pathogen responsible for numerous antibiotic-resistant infections. Identifying vulnerabilities in is crucial for developing new antibiotics to treat these infections. With this in mind, we probed the function of GdpS, a conserved Staphylococcal membrane protein containing a cytoplasmic GGDEF domain. These domains are canonically involved in cyclic-di-GMP signaling processes, but is not known to make cyclic-di-GMP. Using a transposon screen, we found that loss of GdpS is lethal when combined with disruption in synthesis of the glycolipid anchor of a cell surface polymer called lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or with deletion of genes important in cell division. Taking advantage of a small molecule that inhibits LTA glycolipid anchor synthesis, we selected for suppressors of Δ lethality. The most prevalent suppressors were hypermorphic alleles of , which encodes a soluble diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase required to recycle DAG to phosphatidylglycerol. By following up on these suppressors, we found that the GGDEF domain of GdpS interacts directly with DgkB, orienting its active site at the membrane to promote DAG recycling. DAG kinase hypermorphs also suppressed the lethality caused by combined loss of and cell division factors, highlighting the importance of lipid homeostasis for cell division. GdpS' positive regulation of DAG kinase function was dependent on the GGDEF domain but not its catalytic residues. As the sole conserved GGDEF-domain protein in Staphylococci, GdpS promotes an enzymatic process independent of cyclic-di-GMP signaling, revealing a new function for the ubiquitously conserved GGDEF domain.

摘要

是一种革兰氏阳性病原体,可导致多种耐药性感染。识别其弱点对于开发治疗这些感染的新抗生素至关重要。考虑到这一点,我们探究了GdpS的功能,GdpS是一种保守的葡萄球菌膜蛋白,含有一个细胞质GGDEF结构域。这些结构域通常参与环二鸟苷酸信号传导过程,但尚不清楚其是否产生环二鸟苷酸。通过转座子筛选,我们发现当GdpS缺失与一种称为脂磷壁酸(LTA)的细胞表面聚合物的糖脂锚合成中断或与细胞分裂中重要基因的缺失相结合时是致命的。利用一种抑制LTA糖脂锚合成的小分子,我们筛选出了Δ致死性的抑制子。最常见的抑制子是 的超形态等位基因, 编码一种将二酰基甘油(DAG)循环利用为磷脂酰甘油所需的可溶性二酰基甘油激酶。通过对这些抑制子的进一步研究,我们发现GdpS的GGDEF结构域直接与DgkB相互作用,将其活性位点定位于膜上以促进DAG循环利用。二酰基甘油激酶超形态也抑制了由 和细胞分裂因子共同缺失引起的致死性,突出了脂质稳态对细胞分裂的重要性。GdpS对二酰基甘油激酶功能的正向调节依赖于GGDEF结构域而非其催化残基。作为葡萄球菌中唯一保守的GGDEF结构域蛋白,GdpS促进了一个独立于环二鸟苷酸信号传导的酶促过程,揭示了普遍保守的GGDEF结构域的新功能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6f98/11962490/ff1a8ac9f853/pnas.2414696122fig01.jpg

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