Behzadi Mehrdad, Nouri Mehran, Navaei Mehraban, Asadi Amirhossein, Kohansal Atefeh, Sohrabi Zahra
Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Mar 14;104(11):e41777. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041777.
Depression is an important and common disorder in the elderly. Plant-based dietary patterns are often considered "healthy" and associated with various health benefits. However, the association between plant-based dietary indices and depression is largely ambiguous. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between plant protein indices and depression in the elderly population. In this cross-sectional study, conducted on 80 elderly people living in Shiraz City, food intake information was collected using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI) were used to assess dietary patterns. Also, depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression questionnaire. A linear regression method in crude and 2 adjusted models was used to investigate the relationship between dietary indicators and depression. P < .05 was considered significant. Higher PDI and uPDI scores were related to lower intakes of vitamin B12 (P = .04, .03). Also, higher hPDI and uPDI scores were associated with lower saturated fatty acids intakes (P = .04, .01). A significant positive relationship between depression and hPDI was observed in both crude (P = .01), and adjusted (P = .01) models. While, for PDI and uPDI, no significant relationship was observed in any of the models. Plant-based dietary patterns could be possibly related to depression in the older population. However, the evidence is inconsistent and more investigations with larger sample sizes and appropriate designs are needed to clarify this relationship.
抑郁症是老年人中一种重要且常见的疾病。以植物为基础的饮食模式通常被认为是“健康的”，并与各种健康益处相关。然而，以植物为基础的饮食指数与抑郁症之间的关联在很大程度上并不明确。这项横断面研究旨在调查老年人群中植物蛋白指数与抑郁症之间的关系。在这项对设拉子市80名老年人进行的横断面研究中，使用一份包含147个项目的食物频率问卷收集食物摄入信息。采用以植物为基础的饮食指数（PDI）、健康的PDI（hPDI）和不健康的PDI（uPDI）来评估饮食模式。此外，使用贝克抑郁问卷评估抑郁症。采用粗模型和两个调整模型中的线性回归方法来研究饮食指标与抑郁症之间的关系。P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。较高的PDI和uPDI得分与较低的维生素B12摄入量相关（P = 0.04，0.03）。此外，较高的hPDI和uPDI得分与较低的饱和脂肪酸摄入量相关（P = 0.04，0.01）。在粗模型（P = 0.01）和调整模型（P = 0.01）中均观察到抑郁症与hPDI之间存在显著正相关。而对于PDI和uPDI，在任何模型中均未观察到显著关系。以植物为基础的饮食模式可能与老年人群的抑郁症有关。然而，证据并不一致，需要更多样本量更大且设计合适的研究来阐明这种关系。
