Abdollahpour Niloufar, Seifi Najmeh, Arabi Alireza Abbas Abad, Shahri Negar Sadat Sanei, Ferasati Ali, Moghadam Hanieh Keikhay, Esmaily Habibollah, Ferns Gordon A, Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 19;15(1):9392. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77262-4.
The role of diet-induced acid-base imbalance in insulin resistance (IR) and related cardiometabolic abnormalities has attracted considerable attention. This study sought to investigate the association between dietary acid load and IR indices among Iranian adults. The study included 6,531 participants, with dietary acid load estimated using a validated questionnaire which comprised 65 food frequency items. The IR indices assessed included: Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein (TG: HDL), Metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), Triglyceride Glucose-Body mass index (TyG-BMI), Triglyceride glucose (TyG), and Triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC). The results revealed that all IR indices were significantly higher in participants positioned in the top tertiles of dietary acid load as opposed to those in the lowest, with a notable increasing trend (p < 0.001). Using a crude model, there was a significant positive association between TG: HDL, TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, and METS-IR with dietary acid load (p < 0.001). However, in the fully adjusted model, only TyG and TyG-WC remained significant (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.30, and OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.51-1.90, respectively). In summary dietary acid load is significantly associated with IR indices, with TyG-WC showing the strongest relationship.
饮食诱导的酸碱失衡在胰岛素抵抗（IR）及相关心脏代谢异常中的作用已引起广泛关注。本研究旨在调查伊朗成年人饮食酸负荷与IR指标之间的关联。该研究纳入了6531名参与者，使用一份经过验证的包含65项食物频率条目的问卷来估算饮食酸负荷。评估的IR指标包括：甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白比值（TG:HDL）、胰岛素抵抗代谢评分（METS-IR）、甘油三酯葡萄糖-体重指数（TyG-BMI）、甘油三酯葡萄糖（TyG）以及甘油三酯葡萄糖-腰围（TyG-WC）。结果显示，与饮食酸负荷处于最低三分位数的参与者相比，处于最高三分位数的参与者所有IR指标均显著更高，且呈明显上升趋势（p<0.001）。在粗略模型中，TG:HDL、TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI和METS-IR与饮食酸负荷之间存在显著正相关（p<0.001）。然而，在完全调整模型中，只有TyG和TyG-WC仍具有显著性（OR=1.16，95%CI：1.04-1.30，以及OR=1.69，95%CI：1.51-1.90）。总之，饮食酸负荷与IR指标显著相关，其中TyG-WC显示出最强的关联。
