Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Sep 18;23(1):679. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05163-3.
Dietary acid load seems to be associated with psychological disorders through several mechanisms, and may barricade their treatment and recovery. The aim of current study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary acid load, using potential renal acid load (PRAL) and dietary acid load (DAL) scores, with the severity of depression and anxiety among Iranian adults.
A total of 6531 participants aged 35-65 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intakes of participants. DAL was estimated using PRAL and DAL scores. Depression and anxiety were screened using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).
In the fully adjusted model, women with the highest DAL or PRAL had higher odds of more severe depression compared to those in the lowest category (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.03-1.42 and OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.03-1.39, respectively). No significant association was observed between DAL and PRAL and depression severity in men and in the population as a whole. Regarding the association between PRAL and anxiety severity, there was no significant association when separated by sex. However, in the fully adjusted model for the whole population, participants in the highest tertile of PRAL had 13% greater odds of more severe anxiety than the lowest tertile (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13). No significant association was observed between DAL and anxiety severity in women, men or in the whole population.
Women, but not men, with higher dietary acid load had significantly higher odds of having more severe depression. A significant positive association was also observed between dietary acid load and anxiety in the whole population.
饮食酸负荷似乎通过多种机制与心理障碍有关，并可能阻碍其治疗和康复。本研究旨在评估伊朗成年人饮食酸负荷（使用潜在肾酸负荷[PRAL]和饮食酸负荷[DAL]评分）与抑郁和焦虑严重程度之间的关系。
本横断面研究共纳入 6531 名 35-65 岁的参与者。采用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估参与者的饮食摄入量。使用 PRAL 和 DAL 评分估计 DAL。使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和贝克焦虑量表（BAI）筛查抑郁和焦虑。
在完全调整模型中，与最低类别相比，DAL 或 PRAL 最高的女性发生更严重抑郁的可能性更高（OR=1.20；95%CI=1.03-1.42 和 OR=1.20；95%CI=1.03-1.39）。在男性和总体人群中，DAL 与 PRAL 与抑郁严重程度之间均未观察到显著关联。关于 PRAL 与焦虑严重程度的关联，按性别分层后无显著关联。然而，在整个人群的完全调整模型中，PRAL 最高三分位的参与者发生更严重焦虑的可能性比最低三分位增加 13%（OR：1.13，95%CI：1.01-1.13）。在女性、男性或总体人群中，DAL 与焦虑严重程度之间均无显著关联。
女性（而非男性）饮食酸负荷较高者发生更严重抑郁的可能性显著更高。饮食酸负荷与整个人群的焦虑之间也存在显著正相关。
