Elvira Tomás, Mallol Claudia, Crawford Abbe, Ives Edward, Fraser Anne R, Mari Lorenzo, Tauro Anna, Alvarez Patricia, Indzhova Victoria, Corsini Giulia, Lopes Bruno, Brocal Josep
Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, Hursley, UK.
Veterinary Specialty Hospital of Hong Kong, Wan Chai, Hong Kong.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Mar-Apr;39(2):e70041. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70041.
Myokymia is a form of peripheral nerve hyperexcitability that can be focal or generalized. Information regarding focal myokymia in veterinary medicine is currently limited, resulting in a need for a better understanding of this clinical sign.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcomes in dogs and cats with facial myokymia (FM).
Seven dogs and two cats with clinically confirmed FM.
Retrospective study. Clinical records from six referral institutions were reviewed to identify cases with FM. Signalment, clinical presentation, diagnostic test results, treatment, and outcome were recorded and evaluated for each patient.
Facial myokymia was detected before referral in 6/9 cases. Concurrent vestibular signs were present in 7/9 cases, whereas signs of facial nerve dysfunction other than FM were present in three cases. The diagnoses in the seven dogs were facial and vestibular neuropathy of unknown etiology (n = 2), extra-axial neoplasia (n = 1), otitis media-interna with intracranial extension (n = 1), otitis interna with associated facial and vestibulocochlear neuropathy (n = 1), meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (n = 1) and neoplasia or hypertrophic neuritis (n = 1). The two cats were diagnosed with retrobulbar adenosquamous carcinoma with intracranial extension and traumatic orofacial injury. When prednisolone was used (6/9 cases) FM improved or resolved, although relapses were common.
Facial myokymia is an uncommon and nonspecific clinical sign in dogs and cats, associated with a range of structural disorders affecting the facial motor nucleus, nerve, or both. Control of FM is variable, and treatment and outcome depend on the underlying cause.
肌束震颤是一种周围神经兴奋性增高的形式，可为局灶性或全身性。目前兽医学中关于局灶性肌束震颤的信息有限，因此需要更好地了解这一临床症状。
假设/目的：描述患有面部肌束震颤（FM）的犬猫的临床表现、诊断结果、治疗方法及预后。
7只犬和2只猫，临床确诊为FM。
回顾性研究。查阅了6家转诊机构的临床记录以确定FM病例。记录并评估了每只动物的特征、临床表现、诊断检查结果、治疗方法及预后。
9例中有6例在转诊前被检测出面部肌束震颤。9例中有7例同时出现前庭症状，3例出现除FM外的面神经功能障碍症状。7只犬的诊断结果为病因不明的面部和前庭神经病变（n = 2）、轴外肿瘤（n = 1）、伴有颅内扩展的中耳-内耳炎（n = 1）、伴有相关面部和前庭蜗神经病变的内耳炎（n = 1）、病因不明的脑膜脑炎（n = 1）以及肿瘤或肥厚性神经炎（n = 1）。2只猫被诊断为伴有颅内扩展的球后腺鳞癌和创伤性口腔面部损伤。使用泼尼松龙治疗的9例中（6/9），FM有所改善或消失，尽管复发很常见。
面部肌束震颤在犬猫中是一种不常见的非特异性临床症状，与一系列影响面部运动核团、神经或两者的结构紊乱有关。FM的控制情况各不相同，治疗方法和预后取决于潜在病因。
