Ömercioğlu Emel, Cihan Çam Ebru, Gülçek Ömer Nazım, Özmert Elif N
Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye.
Department of Pediatrics, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye.
Turk J Med Sci. 2025 Feb 4;55(1):184-192. doi: 10.55730/1300-0144.5956. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/AIM: A stimulating home environment in early childhood plays a crucial role in fostering child development. This study aimed to evaluate the home environment of children with developmental delays and who had not received special education support in any developmental domain.
The study comprised of 50 preschool children with developmental delay monitored at Hacettepe University Division of Developmental Pediatrics and 70 typically developing preschool children from Ankara 29 Mayıs State Hospital, General Pediatrics Department. Physicians and experienced child development professionals employed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) to perform developmental assessments on each child. The characteristics of the home environment for all participants were evaluated using the Home Environment Questionnaire (HEQ), and their sociodemographic details were recorded.
The home stimulation scores for children with developmental delay were significantly lower compared to those for their typically developing peers (p < 0.001). Physical violence against children was reported by 34% of parents of children with developmental delays (p < 0.001). The presence of developmental delay (p < 0.001, CI 12.629-7.927), the family socioeconomic status (p = 0.002, CI 3.813-1.486), and the number of family members (p = 0.001, Cl 2.595-0.708) were significantly associated with home stimulation scores.
Initial assessment of children with developmental delays suggest that the stimuli in their home environment are of lower quality relative to those of typically developing peers, and these children are subjected to markedly higher levels of physical violence. These results underscore the need for early childhood caretakers, public health practitioners, and other professionals to design and implement targeted interventions, particularly prioritizing low-income families living in disadvantaged environments.
背景/目的：幼儿期充满刺激的家庭环境在促进儿童发育方面起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在评估发育迟缓且在任何发育领域均未接受特殊教育支持的儿童的家庭环境。
该研究包括在哈杰泰佩大学发育儿科学部接受监测的50名发育迟缓学龄前儿童，以及来自安卡拉5月29日州立医院普通儿科的70名发育正常的学龄前儿童。医生和经验丰富的儿童发育专业人员使用年龄与发育阶段问卷（ASQ）对每个儿童进行发育评估。使用家庭环境问卷（HEQ）评估所有参与者的家庭环境特征，并记录他们的社会人口学详细信息。
发育迟缓儿童的家庭刺激得分显著低于发育正常的同龄人（p < 0.001）。34%发育迟缓儿童的父母报告对儿童有身体暴力行为（p < 0.001）。发育迟缓的存在（p < 0.001，CI 12.629 - 7.927）、家庭社会经济地位（p = 0.002，CI 3.813 - 1.486）和家庭成员数量（p = 0.001，Cl 2.595 - 0.708）与家庭刺激得分显著相关。
对发育迟缓儿童的初步评估表明，相对于发育正常的同龄人，他们家庭环境中的刺激质量较低，且这些儿童遭受身体暴力的程度明显更高。这些结果强调了幼儿照料者、公共卫生从业者和其他专业人员需要设计和实施有针对性的干预措施，特别是优先考虑生活在不利环境中的低收入家庭。
