Diendorfer Cornelia Marion, Ivkic Dominik, Popper Valentin, Willeit Matthäus, Kraus Christoph
Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, AKH, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich.
Neuropsychiatr. 2025 Jun;39(2):87-94. doi: 10.1007/s40211-025-00523-9. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
Since January 2022, assisted suicide has also been legal in Austria under certain legally specified conditions. According to the Constitutional Court, the previous legislation did not align with the "right to self-determination" and was therefore declared unconstitutional [1]. In contrast, countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, and Switzerland have had a less restrictive legislation on assisted suicide for a longer period of time. The requirement for submitting a request for assisted suicide is that the patient suffers from a terminal illness and that both their decision-making capacity and free will are ensured [1]. This case report of a 47-year-old patient, who suffered from recurrent depressive disorder with a current severe episode and, after two previous suicide attempts, chose assisted suicide in Switzerland, aims to highlight the ethical and legal challenges associated with assisted suicide for psychiatric patients and to emphasize the need for careful consideration between autonomy and the duty of protection.
自2022年1月起，在奥地利，在某些法律规定的条件下，协助自杀也已合法化。根据宪法法院的说法，先前的立法不符合“自决权”，因此被宣布违宪[1]。相比之下，荷兰、比利时和瑞士等国家对协助自杀的立法限制在更长时间内则较为宽松。提出协助自杀请求的条件是患者患有绝症，并且其决策能力和自由意志均得到保障[1]。本病例报告讲述了一名47岁的患者，他患有复发性抑郁症且目前处于重度发作状态，在之前两次自杀未遂后，在瑞士选择了协助自杀，旨在突出与精神病患者协助自杀相关的伦理和法律挑战，并强调在自主权和保护义务之间进行审慎权衡的必要性。
