日粮钙和非植酸磷水平影响土种鸡产蛋高峰期的生产性能、卵泡发育和蛋品质。
Dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels affect performance, follicular development, and egg quality of native chicken at peak laying period.
作者信息
Cheng L F, Zhang Q Q, Zhao W Y, Chang C, Wang X, Yan Z X, Cao J, Liu H G, Geng A L
机构信息
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2025 May;104(5):105055. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105055. Epub 2025 Mar 16.
The experiment aimed to study effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) levels on performance, follicular development, egg quality and serum biochemical indices in native bird-Beijing You Chicken (BYC). A 3 × 3 factorial design was adopted, dietary Ca levels were 2.8 %, 3.2 % and 3.6 %, dietary NPP levels were 0.33 %, 0.38 % and 0.43 %. A total of 972, 28-wk-old BYC laying hens were randomly divided into 9 groups with 4 replicates per group, and 27 birds per replicate. The trial was conducted after 2 wks of pre-adaptation. The performance was determined during 30∼35 wks, 36∼41 wks and 30∼41 wks; follicular development, egg quality and serum biochemical indices were determined at 41 wks of age. The results showed that dietary Ca and NPP levels alone and the interaction affected feed egg ratio (FER) of BYC during 30∼35 wks (P < 0.05), the FER was the lowest (2.65±0.05) and the egg-laying rate was the highest (77.45±3.19 %) in the group with 3.6 % Ca and 0.43 % NPP. Dietary 0.33 % NPP and 0.43 % NPP increased the number of small yolk follicles (P < 0.05). Dietary 3.6 % Ca deepened the yolk color (YC) (P < 0.001), dietary NPP level affected the YC, Haugh unit (HU), relative yolk weight (RYW) and relative albumen weight (RAW) (P < 0.05). The interaction of dietary Ca and NPP levels affected eggshell color (ESC) (P < 0.05), YC (P < 0.001), and relative eggshell weight (RESW) (P < 0.001), also had the trend to affect eggshell strength (ESS) (P = 0.073), albumen height (AH) (P = 0.077) and HU (P = 0.055). 4) 0.43 % NPP had a trend to affect malondialdehyde (MDA) (P = 0.064). In summary, dietary Ca and NPP levels alone and the interaction did not affect egg production of BYC, and FER in the group with 3.6 % Ca and 0.43 % NPP seemed to be the lowest during 35∼41 wks. Dietary NPP may be related to pre-graded follicular development. The recommended dietary Ca level is 3.6 % and NPP level is 0.43 % for BYC during the peak laying period. The Ca/NPP ratio in the range of 8.39∼9.67 may be beneficial to laying performance and egg quality of laying hens.
本试验旨在研究日粮钙（Ca）和非植酸磷（NPP）水平对地方品种鸡——北京油鸡（BYC）生产性能、卵泡发育、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。采用3×3析因设计，日粮钙水平分别为2.8%、3.2%和3.6%，日粮非植酸磷水平分别为0.33%、0.38%和0.43%。选取972只28周龄的北京油鸡产蛋母鸡，随机分为9组，每组4个重复，每个重复27只鸡。预适应2周后进行试验。在30～35周、36～41周以及30～41周测定生产性能；在41周龄时测定卵泡发育、蛋品质及血清生化指标。结果表明，日粮钙和非植酸磷水平及其交互作用对30～35周龄北京油鸡的料蛋比（FER）有影响（P<0.05），在钙水平为3.6%、非植酸磷水平为0.43%的组中，料蛋比最低（2.65±0.05），产蛋率最高（77.45±3.19%）。日粮非植酸磷水平为0.33%和0.43%时，小卵泡数量增加（P<0.05）。日粮钙水平为3.6%时，蛋黄颜色（YC）加深（P<0.001），日粮非植酸磷水平对蛋黄颜色、哈氏单位（HU）、蛋黄相对重（RYW）和蛋白相对重（RAW）有影响（P<0.05）。日粮钙和非植酸磷水平的交互作用对蛋壳颜色（ESC）（P<0.05）、蛋黄颜色（P<0.001）和蛋壳相对重（RESW）（P<0.001）有影响，对蛋壳强度（ESS）（P=0.073）、蛋白高度（AH）（P=0.077）和哈氏单位（P=0.055）也有影响趋势。非植酸磷水平为0.43%时，对丙二醛（MDA）有影响趋势（P=0.064）。综上所述，日粮钙和非植酸磷水平及其交互作用对北京油鸡的产蛋量无影响，在35～41周龄时，钙水平为3.6%、非植酸磷水平为0.43%的组料蛋比似乎最低。日粮非植酸磷可能与卵泡前期发育有关。北京油鸡产蛋高峰期日粮钙水平推荐为3.6%，非植酸磷水平推荐为0.43%。钙/非植酸磷比值在8.39～9.67范围内可能有利于蛋鸡的产蛋性能和蛋品质。
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