Esmaeilpour Donya, Ghomi Matineh, Zare Ehsan Nazarzadeh, Sillanpää Mika
Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71345-1583, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;307(Pt 4):142136. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142136. Epub 2025 Mar 17.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanotechnology has rapidly emerged as a transformative field in biomedical research, offering innovative solutions for the detection and treatment of cancer. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of DNA-based nanosystems in oncology, emphasizing their potential to address the limitations of conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Key advancements in DNA nanotechnology include the development of highly specific and sensitive nanostructures for early cancer detection, as well as precision-targeted delivery systems that enhance the efficacy of cancer therapies while minimizing side effects. The objectives of this review are threefold: first, to summarize the latest advancements in DNA nanotechnology, highlighting innovations in cancer biomarker detection and therapeutic applications; second, to explore the molecular mechanisms that enable these DNA-based nanosystems to interact with cancer cells with remarkable precision, including their design principles, self-assembly processes, and biological interactions; and third, to discuss the future implications of these technologies, considering the challenges, potential breakthroughs, and the steps needed to integrate DNA nanotechnology into clinical practice. By achieving these objectives, the review aims to offer insights into how DNA nanotechnology could revolutionize cancer care, providing new strategies for more personalized and effective treatments, and ultimately improving patient outcomes in the battle against cancer.
脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）纳米技术已迅速崛起，成为生物医学研究中的一个变革性领域，为癌症的检测和治疗提供创新解决方案。本综述全面分析了基于DNA的纳米系统在肿瘤学中的作用，强调了它们在解决传统诊断和治疗方法局限性方面的潜力。DNA纳米技术的关键进展包括开发用于早期癌症检测的高度特异性和敏感性的纳米结构，以及精确靶向递送系统，该系统可提高癌症治疗的疗效，同时将副作用降至最低。本综述的目标有三个：第一，总结DNA纳米技术的最新进展，突出癌症生物标志物检测和治疗应用方面的创新；第二，探索使这些基于DNA的纳米系统能够与癌细胞进行高度精确相互作用的分子机制，包括它们的设计原则、自组装过程和生物相互作用；第三，讨论这些技术的未来影响，考虑到挑战、潜在突破以及将DNA纳米技术整合到临床实践所需的步骤。通过实现这些目标，本综述旨在深入了解DNA纳米技术如何彻底改变癌症治疗，为更个性化和有效的治疗提供新策略，并最终在抗击癌症的斗争中改善患者的治疗效果。
