Millán Juan David
Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile.
Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2025 Mar 20;59(2):35. doi: 10.1007/s12124-025-09900-z.
The first edition of the Grundzüge der Physiologischen Psychologie of Wilhelm Wundt which celebrated its 150th anniversary of publication. The Grundzüge was a constantly updated work that from 1874 to 1911 had 6 editions which laid the philosophical and methodological foundations of Wundt's project of psychology. The first edition of 1874 is maybe the most celebrated and remembered but the least studied and subject to a great deal of misinterpretation due to the few translations and the intrinsic complexity of the book. To understand what differentiated the Grundzüge from the other published works on physiological psychology that had been published ten years earlier, it was studied how it was received by its first readers and in general an intellectual context that made the appearance of works like Wundt's conducive. Most of the reviews affirmed that the originality of Wundt's work consisted in providing a philosophical solution to physiology that had definitively abandoned the doctrine of specific energies, which had been used to explain the origin of sensations. In this sense, the philosophers' reviews of Wundt's work were complimentary and saw in it a possibility of giving scientific treatment to certain questions that had previously been dealt with by philosophy. On the other hand, many physiologists regarded the Grundzüge as a transitional work that would be overcome when anatomy and physiology provided definitive answers. The Grunzüge was also a "publishing success" that inaugurated a successful relationship between Wundt and his publisher Wilhelm Engelmann that continued until the beginning of the twentieth century. This article aimed to reconstruct the genesis of the book by analyzing published works immediately prior to its writing that dealt, for example, with research in electrophysiology where he referred to the Gründzüge as a work in progress and that would help to answer many of the unsolved problems.
威廉·冯特的《生理心理学原理》第一版迎来了其出版150周年。《原理》是一部不断更新的著作，从1874年到1911年共出版了6版，奠定了冯特心理学项目的哲学和方法论基础。1874年的第一版可能是最著名且被人铭记的，但由于翻译较少且书籍本身内在的复杂性，它也是研究最少且遭受大量误解的版本。为了理解《原理》与十年前出版的其他生理心理学著作有何不同，研究了它最初的读者是如何接受它的，以及总体上是怎样的知识背景使得像冯特这样的著作得以出现。大多数评论都肯定了冯特著作的原创性在于为生理学提供了一种哲学解决方案，该方案彻底摒弃了用于解释感觉起源的特殊能量学说。从这个意义上说，哲学家们对冯特著作的评论是赞许的，并从中看到了对某些此前由哲学处理的问题进行科学探讨的可能性。另一方面，许多生理学家认为《原理》是一部过渡性著作，当解剖学和生理学给出明确答案时它就会被超越。《原理》也是一次“出版成功”，开启了冯特与其出版商威廉·恩格尔曼之间持续到20世纪初的成功合作关系。本文旨在通过分析该书写作之前立即出版的著作来重构这本书的起源，这些著作涉及例如电生理学研究，在其中他将《原理》视为一部正在进行的著作，并且该书将有助于回答许多未解决的问题。
