Tohidian Mobina, Esmaeil Nafiseh, Soleimani Mitra, Khanehzad Maryam, Naderi Majd Amir H, Zarinfard Giti
Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Jan 9;87(1):121-129. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002821. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Retinoblastoma (RB), the most commonly occurring intraocular malignancy among children globally, represents 3% of childhood cancers. In the current study, the authors aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a new formulation of nelarabine (niosomal nelarabine) on RB cancer cells.
Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) characterized the physical properties of nelarabine nanoparticles. After cultivation of the Y79 cell line, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was performed to determine IC50 of niosomal nelarabine (Nio-Nelarobine) and also the cytotoxicity of Nio-Nelarobine and doxorubicin against Y79 cell line was investigated. The level of apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry in selected groups. Also, the PTEN/AKT/FOXO1 gene expression level was measured using qRT-PCR.
Y79 cell lines were treated with Nio-Nelarobine and doxorubicin. The treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of Y79 cell viability. However, Nio-Nelarobine showed a higher inhibitory activity with a diameter of about 167 nm. Both Nio-Nelarobine and doxorubicin induced apoptosis in cells, but Nio-Nelarobine treatment resulted in a higher number of apoptotic cells than doxorubicin treatment. The qRT-PCR results showed that the treatment with Nio-Nelarobine and doxorubicin led to an increase in the expression of PTEN and FOXO1 genes, while decreasing the expression of the AKT gene. Furthermore, the statistical significance of these results was higher in the Nio-Nelarobine group than in the doxorubicin group.
Nio-Nelarobine may be a functional therapeutic combination for RB treatment. Further experimental and preclinical investigations are necessary to verify this impact in greater detail.
视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）是全球儿童中最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤，占儿童癌症的3%。在本研究中，作者旨在评估一种新配方的奈拉滨（脂质体奈拉滨）对RB癌细胞的有效性。
场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和动态光散射（DLS）对奈拉滨纳米颗粒的物理性质进行了表征。培养Y79细胞系后，进行3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）试验以确定脂质体奈拉滨（Nio-Nelarobine）的半数抑制浓度（IC50），并研究Nio-Nelarobine和阿霉素对Y79细胞系的细胞毒性。通过流式细胞术评估选定组中的细胞凋亡水平。此外，使用定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）测量PTEN/AKT/FOXO1基因表达水平。
用Nio-Nelarobine和阿霉素处理Y79细胞系。该处理导致Y79细胞活力呈剂量依赖性抑制。然而，Nio-Nelarobine显示出更高的抑制活性，直径约为167纳米。Nio-Nelarobine和阿霉素均诱导细胞凋亡，但Nio-Nelarobine处理导致的凋亡细胞数量高于阿霉素处理。qRT-PCR结果表明，用Nio-Nelarobine和阿霉素处理导致PTEN和FOXO1基因表达增加，而AKT基因表达降低。此外，这些结果在Nio-Nelarobine组中的统计学意义高于阿霉素组。
Nio-Nelarobine可能是一种用于RB治疗的有效治疗组合。需要进一步的实验和临床前研究以更详细地验证这种影响。
