Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya , Sagar, India.
Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore, India.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2021 Jan;18(1):55-71. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1822322. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Niosomes have recently grabbed attention as one of the best tools for various site-specific drug delivery systems, including ophthalmic drug delivery. Surfactants (nonionic; tweens and spans) of different HLB values and cholesterol are the fundamental components for these formulations. It is an alternative controlled ocular drug delivery system to liposomes to overcome the problems associated with sterilization, large-scale production, and stability. It also enhances the adhesion or retention ability of drug at the ocular site. Hydrophilic or lipophilic or amphoteric drugs can be easily encapsulated in niosomes. Besides, niosomes are a leading vesicular system compatible with most of the drugs for site-specific delivery.
This article reveals challenges and barriers for ocular drug delivery, various transporters and receptors present in the ocular region for the transportation of therapeutics as well as nutrients, and various method of preparations, loading methods and application potential of niosomes in ocular drug delivery.
Niosomes, a vesicular system offers numerous advantages and applicability because of its good stability, non-immunogenicity, permeation potential, and controlled release ability etc. This drug delivery system has been efficiently used in the treatment of many ocular diseases.
作为各种定位药物输送系统（包括眼部药物输送系统）的最佳工具之一，近年来，毫微囊受到了关注。不同 HLB 值和胆固醇的表面活性剂（非离子型；吐温类和司盘类）是这些制剂的基本组成部分。它是一种替代脂质体的控释眼部药物输送系统，可克服与灭菌、大规模生产和稳定性相关的问题。它还增强了药物在眼部的黏附或保留能力。亲水性、亲脂性或两性药物都可以很容易地包封在毫微囊中。此外，毫微囊是一种与大多数药物相容的主导囊泡系统，适用于定位输送。
本文揭示了眼部药物输送的挑战和障碍，眼部区域中存在的各种转运体和受体用于治疗药物和营养物质的运输，以及毫微囊在眼部药物输送中的各种制备方法、载药方法和应用潜力。
毫微囊作为一种囊泡系统，由于其良好的稳定性、非免疫原性、渗透潜力和控释能力等优点，具有广泛的适用性。这种药物输送系统已被有效地用于治疗许多眼部疾病。
