Hu Xianfeng, Xu Wei, Zhang Yubo, Pan Shouhui, Xie Yanlan, Liao Rui, Yang Shenggang, Wu Youxiang, Deng Daomao
College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou, China.
Raw Material Supply Center, China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co Ltd., Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Mar 5;16:1537924. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1537924. eCollection 2025.
The oil content of tobacco leaves is intimately associated with their aromatic characteristics. This study aims to explore the microstructure and distinctive flavor substances of Yunyan 87 high-oil-content tobacco leaves.
The microstructure and characteristic flavor substances of Yunyan 87 tobacco leaves with different oil contents were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS).
The results indicate that the surface of high-oil tobacco leaves was characterized by a high density of glandular hairs, primarily composed of short-stalked glandular hairs featuring enlarged glandular heads. A total of 1551 flavor substances were detected in high-oil tobacco leaves, compared to 1500 metabolites were identified in low-oil tobacco leaves. Among these flavor substances, eight exhibited up-regulated, while three were down-regulated. Notably, the oil-related substances hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and the aroma-related substances nonanoic acid methyl ester and pseudoionone were found to be significantly more abundant in high-oil tobacco leaves compared to their low-oil counterparts. Consequently, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester may serve as a reliable indicator for evaluating the oil content in tobacco leaves, while nonanoic acid methyl ester and pseudoionone could play crucial roles as flavor substances influencing the aroma of tobacco leaves.
These findings provide a theoretical foundation for future research on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the synthesis of aroma-producing flavor substances in tobacco leaves.
烟叶的含油量与其香气特征密切相关。本研究旨在探究云烟87高含油量烟叶的微观结构和独特风味物质。
采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用技术（GC×GC-TOF MS）对不同含油量的云烟87烟叶的微观结构和特征风味物质进行分析。
结果表明，高含油烟叶表面的腺毛密度较高，主要由腺头膨大的短柄腺毛组成。在高含油烟叶中总共检测到1551种风味物质，而在低含油烟叶中鉴定出1500种代谢物。在这些风味物质中，有8种上调，3种下调。值得注意的是，与低含油烟叶相比，高含油烟叶中的油脂相关物质十六烷酸甲酯以及香气相关物质壬酸甲酯和假紫罗兰酮的含量明显更高。因此，十六烷酸甲酯可作为评估烟叶含油量的可靠指标，而壬酸甲酯和假紫罗兰酮作为影响烟叶香气的风味物质可能发挥关键作用。
这些发现为今后研究烟叶中产生香气的风味物质合成的调控机制提供了理论基础。
