Garg Parvesh M, Shenberger Jeffrey S, Ostrander Mckenzie, Inder Terrie E, Garg Padma P
Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina.
Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, Connecticut Children's, Hartford, Connecticut.
Am J Perinatol. 2025 Apr 12. doi: 10.1055/a-2563-0878.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects 5 to 10% of very low-birth-weight infants and remains a leading cause of mortality and long-term morbidity. Preterm infants with NEC, especially those requiring surgery, have higher inflammatory markers in the blood, severe white matter abnormalities on brain imaging, and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. This review presents current evidence regarding the clinical factors associated with brain injury in preterm infants with NEC needing surgical intervention. Studies that evaluate neuroprotective strategies to prevent brain injury are greatly needed to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk preterm infants with NEC. · NEC is associated with white matter, grey matter, and cerebellar injury in neonates.. · Clinical and histopathological factors are associated with gut-associated brain injury in NEC.. · Neuroprotective strategies and intervention are greatly needed in infants with surgical NEC..
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）影响5%至10%的极低出生体重儿，仍然是死亡和长期发病的主要原因。患有NEC的早产儿，尤其是那些需要手术的患儿，血液中的炎症标志物更高，脑成像显示严重的白质异常，以及不良的神经发育结局。本综述介绍了有关需要手术干预的NEC早产儿脑损伤相关临床因素的现有证据。迫切需要开展评估预防脑损伤的神经保护策略的研究，以改善高危NEC早产儿的神经发育结局。·NEC与新生儿白质、灰质和小脑损伤有关。·临床和组织病理学因素与NEC中肠道相关脑损伤有关。·手术治疗的NEC患儿迫切需要神经保护策略和干预。
