Souza Gabriel Resende, de Araújo Beatriz Rezende Gandra, Coelho Sandra Gesteira, Araújo Ricardo Nascimento, Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti, Rodrigues Daniel Sobreira, Ferreira Lorena Lopes
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Mar 21;57(3):138. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04378-8.
Rhipicephalus microplus poses a significant challenge to animal health. This study evaluated efficacy and the effective operational cost (EOC) of different acaricidal treatments varying droplet size, pressure and spray pattern using a power sprayer. Three experiments were conducted on dairy cows, with each experiment involving three groups of 10 animals: two treated groups and one untreated control group. In the first experiment, acaricide treatments with the same droplet size (medium) were compared at different pressures (50 and 100 psi) using a full cone spray pattern: E1-M50 and E1-M100. In the second experiment, different droplet sizes (fine and medium) were compared at the same pressure (100 psi) using a full cone spray pattern: E2-F100 and E2-M100. The third experiment compared droplet sizes and spray patterns (fine at full cone and ultra coarse at flat fan) at the same pressure (100 psi): E3-F100 and E3-UC100. All animals received acaricide treatment on day 0 with a product based on organophosphate and pyrethroid. Tick counts were performed on days + 7, + 14, and + 21 to determine treatment effectiveness. Data on bath time were collected to determine the EOC, besides cost with acaricide, labor, water and electricity. No statistical differences (p > 0.05) regarding the mean tick count were observed between treated groups in all experiments. However, the highest efficacy values were found in treatments with larger droplets (medium and ultra coarse) and higher pressure (100 psi). In experiment 1, the efficacy varied from 70.6 to 88.9% and 75.2 to 93.7% for the treated groups E1-M50 and E1-M100, respectively. In experiment 2, efficacy varied from 48.7 to 86.2% for E2-F100 and from 68 to 94.7% for E2-M100. In experiment 3, efficacy ranged from 62.9 to 76.9% for E3-F100 and from 73.4 to 86.5% for E3-UC100. The EOC of the acaricide bath varied between 0.42 and 0.46 USD per animal. The findings show that treatment efficacy and EOC vary depending on the spray parameters used for the control of R. microplus, but further studies should be conducted to determine better combinations of pressure, droplet size and spray pattern.
微小扇头蜱对动物健康构成重大挑战。本研究使用动力喷雾器评估了不同杀螨处理（改变液滴大小、压力和喷雾模式）的效果和有效运营成本（EOC）。对奶牛进行了三项实验，每项实验包括三组，每组10头动物：两个处理组和一个未处理的对照组。在第一个实验中，使用全锥形喷雾模式，在不同压力（50和100磅力/平方英寸）下比较相同液滴大小（中等）的杀螨剂处理：E1-M50和E1-M100。在第二个实验中，使用全锥形喷雾模式，在相同压力（100磅力/平方英寸）下比较不同液滴大小（细和中等）：E2-F100和E2-M100。第三个实验在相同压力（100磅力/平方英寸）下比较液滴大小和喷雾模式（全锥形细雾和扁平扇形超粗雾）：E3-F100和E3-UC100。所有动物在第0天使用基于有机磷和拟除虫菊酯的产品进行杀螨剂处理。在第7、14和21天进行蜱虫计数以确定处理效果。除了杀螨剂、劳动力、水和电的成本外，还收集了浸浴时间的数据以确定EOC。在所有实验中，处理组之间在平均蜱虫计数方面未观察到统计学差异（p>0.05）。然而，在使用较大液滴（中等和超粗）和较高压力（100磅力/平方英寸）的处理中发现了最高的效果值。在实验1中，处理组E1-M50和E1-M100的效果分别从70.6%至88.9%和75.2%至93.7%不等。在实验2中，E2-F100的效果从48.7%至86.2%不等，E2-M100的效果从68%至94.7%不等。在实验3中，E3-F100的效果范围为62.9%至76.9%，E3-UC100的效果范围为73.4%至86.5%。杀螨剂浸浴的EOC在每头动物0.42至0.46美元之间。研究结果表明，处理效果和EOC因用于控制微小扇头蜱的喷雾参数而异，但应进行进一步研究以确定压力、液滴大小和喷雾模式的更好组合。
