Zhong Birong, Zhou Guilong, Yang Yong, Zhao Jinlong, Tian Lei, Ma Qin
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Hospital 987, Joint Logistics Support Force, Baoji, 721000, China.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 Mar 22;29(1):71. doi: 10.1007/s10006-025-01364-0.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the aesthetics evaluation of four smile-related characteristics among different genders and professional subgroups, including dental professionals (DPs), non-dental healthcare professionals (NDPs), and laypersons (LPs).
Smile photographs were selected and digitally manipulated to determine changes in various smile aesthetic parameters (lip thickness ratio, smile line/smile index, upper lip curvature, and smile arc/dental curvature). These altered images were rated by Chinese participants (dental professionals, non-dental healthcare professionals, and laypersons). A total of 1469 subjects were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Smile aesthetics ratings were calculated, and comparisons between groups were made.
All respondents chose 1:1.5 lip thickness ratio, average smile line, upward upper lip curvature, and upward dental curvature (consonant smile arc) parallel to the lower lip curvature smile arc as the most attractive. Dental professionals (DPs) more focus on smile aesthetics compared to the others(p < 0.01). Significant differences were detected in the perception of smile-related characteristics across gender and professional subgroups(p < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the attractiveness ratings for smiles among professional subgroups(p < 0.05). The most important factor influencing smile aesthetics in the present study was smile arc.
The smile-related characteristics of the smile, such as the lip thickness ratio, smile line, upper lip curvature, and smile arc are predominant factors influencing smile attractiveness and should be given priority when considering and managing aesthetic treatment plans. Females and DPs are more critical of smile aesthetics, and DPs are also focused more on smile aesthetics than laypersons. So it is necessary to account for the influence of gender and profession on personal evaluation and treatment plans.
本研究旨在调查不同性别和专业亚组（包括牙科专业人员（DPs）、非牙科医疗保健专业人员（NDPs）和外行人（LPs））对四种与微笑相关特征的美学评价。
选择微笑照片并进行数字处理，以确定各种微笑美学参数（唇厚度比、微笑线/微笑指数、上唇曲率和微笑弧度/牙齿曲率）的变化。这些经过改变的图像由中国参与者（牙科专业人员、非牙科医疗保健专业人员和外行人）进行评分。共招募了1469名受试者完成问卷。计算微笑美学评分，并进行组间比较。
所有受访者都选择唇厚度比为1:1.5、平均微笑线、上唇向上弯曲以及与下唇弯曲微笑弧度平行的向上牙齿弯曲（协调微笑弧度）作为最具吸引力的特征。与其他组相比，牙科专业人员（DPs）更关注微笑美学（p < 0.01）。在不同性别和专业亚组对与微笑相关特征的认知上存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。此外，专业亚组之间对微笑吸引力评分也存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。本研究中影响微笑美学的最重要因素是微笑弧度。
微笑的相关特征，如唇厚度比、微笑线、上唇曲率和微笑弧度是影响微笑吸引力的主要因素，在考虑和制定美学治疗计划时应优先考虑。女性和牙科专业人员对微笑美学更为挑剔，并且牙科专业人员比外行人更关注微笑美学。因此，有必要考虑性别和职业对个人评价及治疗计划的影响。
