Wei Ximin, Li Weitao, Liu Rong
Refractive Center of Ophthalmology, 3201 Hospital, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China.
Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Eye (Lond). 2025 Mar 22. doi: 10.1038/s41433-025-03749-7.
Myopia is a common eye disease, and the effect of allergic diseases on myopia is unclear. This study was to explore the causal relationship between allergic diseases and myopia risk through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Genetic variants related to allergic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma) and immunoglobulin E and myopia were extracted from the MRC-IEU Open genome-wide association studies (GWAS) project. The results of MR were based on the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to report causal relationships.
Genetically predicted asthma [IVW: OR = 1.233 (95% CI: 1.043-1.456), P = 0.0140] and higher immunoglobulin E levels [IVW: OR = 1.136 (95% CI: 1.020-1.265), P = 0.0207] increased the risk of myopia. There was no significant causal relationship between allergic conjunctivitis (IVW: P = 0.2916), atopic dermatitis (IVW: P = 0.3168), and allergic rhinitis (IVW: P = 0.8297) and risk of myopia. Further analysis revealed that the causal correlation of immunoglobulin E levels with myopia risk was caused by outliers.
Genetically predicted asthma increased the risk of myopia.
近视是一种常见的眼部疾病，过敏性疾病对近视的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析探讨过敏性疾病与近视风险之间的因果关系。
从MRC-IEU开放全基因组关联研究（GWAS）项目中提取与过敏性疾病（过敏性结膜炎、特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎和哮喘）、免疫球蛋白E以及近视相关的基因变异。MR结果基于逆方差加权（IVW）分析。采用优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）报告因果关系。
基因预测的哮喘[IVW：OR = 1.233（95%CI：1.043 - 1.456），P = 0.0140]和较高的免疫球蛋白E水平[IVW：OR = 1.136（95%CI：1.020 - 1.265），P = 0.0207]增加了近视风险。过敏性结膜炎（IVW：P = 0.2916）、特应性皮炎（IVW：P = 0.3168）和过敏性鼻炎（IVW：P = 0.8297）与近视风险之间无显著因果关系。进一步分析显示，免疫球蛋白E水平与近视风险的因果相关性是由异常值导致的。
基因预测的哮喘增加了近视风险。
