肠道微生物群、饮食习惯与前列腺癌：一项两步孟德尔随机化研究揭示因果关联

Gut microbiome, dietary habits, and prostate cancer: a two-step Mendelian randomization revealing the causal associations.

作者信息

Guo Junhua, Huang Ting, Zhou Heran

机构信息

Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453 Stadium Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang Province, China.

出版信息

Discov Oncol. 2025 Mar 23;16(1):375. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-02172-4.

DOI:10.1007/s12672-025-02172-4

PMID:40121389

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11929656/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recent studies suggest that diet fizzy drinks may contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) development. However, the causal effects between diet fizzy drinks and PCa and whether gut microbiota (GM) act as a mediator remain unclear.

METHODS

We conducted two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses utilizing large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from the UK Biobank, the MiBioGen consortium, and PCa-related datasets. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used to evaluate the causal effects of GM and dietary preferences on PCa risk. A mediation analysis was performed to investigate whether GM mediates the relationship between dietary factors and PCa risk.

RESULTS

Diet fizzy drink consumption was causally associated with reduced PCa risk (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.99, P = 0.041) and decreased abundance of PCa-risk-related GM taxa (Negativicutes and Selenomonadales). Mediation analysis did not reveal a statistically significant mediation effect, with a mediation proportion of 16% (95% CI: - 0.06-0.37, P = 0.13).

CONCLUSION

Consumption of diet fizzy drinks may reduce the risk of PCa, potentially through modulation of the GM; however, further studies are required to confirm these findings and clarify underlying mechanisms.

摘要

背景

近期研究表明，无糖汽水饮料可能会促进前列腺癌（PCa）的发展。然而，无糖汽水饮料与PCa之间的因果关系以及肠道微生物群（GM）是否起中介作用仍不清楚。

方法

我们利用来自英国生物银行、MiBioGen联盟和PCa相关数据集的大规模全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据进行了两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析。采用逆方差加权（IVW）方法评估GM和饮食偏好对PCa风险的因果效应。进行中介分析以研究GM是否介导饮食因素与PCa风险之间的关系。

结果

饮用无糖汽水饮料与降低PCa风险存在因果关系（OR = 0.83，95% CI：0.70 - 0.99，P = 0.041），且与PCa风险相关的GM分类群（Negativicutes和Selenomonadales）丰度降低有关。中介分析未发现具有统计学意义的中介效应，中介比例为16%（95% CI： - 0.06 - 0.37，P = 0.13）。