Moses Appel Andreas, Jensen-Dahm Christina, Munk Laursen Thomas, Waldemar Gunhild, Janbek Janet
Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
National Centre for Register Based-Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2025 May;73(5):1498-1505. doi: 10.1111/jgs.19392. Epub 2025 Mar 23.
People with dementia have an increased risk for infection-related complications, which may be mitigated by common vaccinations. The aim was to investigate the association between influenza vaccination and the rates of all-cause and influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths among older adults with dementia.
We followed all Danish residents with dementia aged 65 and above from September 1, 2002, to August 31, 2018. Dementia was defined from records in the Danish national registries (positive predictive value 85.8%). People with dementia were identified on September 1 of each year. On this date, vaccination status was also reset, and the status of covariates was assessed. We used proportional hazard Cox regression to compare rates of all-cause hospitalization, hospitalization with a respiratory infection, hospitalization with influenza or pneumonia, and all-cause mortality for vaccinated and unvaccinated.
Across the entire study period, we included 134,002 people with dementia. Rates of hospitalization were 9%-10% lower, and the mortality rate 9% lower, for vaccinated compared to unvaccinated among people with dementia.
Influenza vaccination was associated with lower rates of hospitalization and mortality among people with dementia. Further exploration of the preventive potential of influenza vaccination among people with dementia is important for shaping interventions in this vulnerable group.
痴呆症患者发生感染相关并发症的风险增加，而普通疫苗接种可能会降低这种风险。本研究旨在调查流感疫苗接种与老年痴呆症患者全因住院率、流感相关住院率及死亡率之间的关联。
我们对2002年9月1日至2018年8月31日期间所有65岁及以上的丹麦痴呆症居民进行了随访。痴呆症由丹麦国家登记处的记录定义（阳性预测值85.8%）。每年9月1日确定痴呆症患者。在这一天，疫苗接种状态也被重置，并评估协变量的状态。我们使用比例风险Cox回归来比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的患者的全因住院率、呼吸道感染住院率、流感或肺炎住院率以及全因死亡率。
在整个研究期间，我们纳入了134,002名痴呆症患者。与未接种疫苗的痴呆症患者相比，接种疫苗的患者住院率低9%-10%，死亡率低9%。
流感疫苗接种与痴呆症患者较低的住院率和死亡率相关。进一步探索流感疫苗接种在痴呆症患者中的预防潜力对于制定针对这一弱势群体的干预措施具有重要意义。
