Venkatesan Latha, Srivastava Achal, Rajora Manju Ak
College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2025 Jan-Feb;50(1):154-161. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_306_23. Epub 2025 Jan 23.
Stroke is a fatal disease with huge burden worldwide. Nonetheless, it is preventable, provided risk factors are controlled. Modifiable risk factors are associated with 90% of attributable risk for stroke. The growing burden of stroke indicates that the current stroke prevention strategies are either not used properly or insufficiently effective. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of risk factors of stroke and to assess the impact of a VAK (visual-auditory-kinesthetic) model-based educational program on knowledge of stroke among security guards.
The data were collected in two phases. In the first phase, prevalence of risk factors of stroke among security guards was assessed. In the second phase, the security guards who were found to have high risk of stroke were given the educational package employing the VAK model. The educational package included researcher-developed videos on risk factors and management of stroke, a poster on Act FAST, and a card game on symptoms of stroke. Paired -test was used to compare the means of knowledge score before and after intervention.
The security guards had risk factors for stroke including hypertension (12.7%), smoking (59%), and obesity (29.4%). The security guards showed improvement in knowledge score regarding stroke from a mean score of 9.2 ± 1.9 to a mean score of 16.3 ± 1.2 ( < 0.001) after the educational intervention.
Hypertension, smoking, and obesity were the most common risk factors of stroke among security guards. The VAK model-based educational package was effective in improving knowledge of security guards regarding signs, symptoms, risk factors, and action to be taken on any sign of stroke.
中风是一种在全球范围内负担巨大的致命疾病。尽管如此，只要控制风险因素，中风是可预防的。可改变的风险因素与90%的中风归因风险相关。中风负担的不断增加表明，当前的中风预防策略要么未得到正确使用，要么效果不够显著。本研究旨在评估中风风险因素的患病率，并评估基于视觉 - 听觉 - 动觉（VAK）模型的教育项目对保安人员中风知识的影响。
数据分两个阶段收集。第一阶段，评估保安人员中风风险因素的患病率。第二阶段，对被发现中风风险高的保安人员提供采用VAK模型的教育包。该教育包包括研究人员制作的关于中风风险因素和管理的视频、一张“FAST行动”海报以及一款关于中风症状的纸牌游戏。采用配对检验比较干预前后知识得分的均值。
保安人员存在中风风险因素，包括高血压（12.7%）、吸烟（59%）和肥胖（29.4%）。教育干预后，保安人员关于中风的知识得分从平均9.2±1.9分提高到平均16.3±1.2分（<0.001）。
高血压、吸烟和肥胖是保安人员中最常见的中风风险因素。基于VAK模型的教育包有效地提高了保安人员关于中风的体征、症状、风险因素以及出现任何中风迹象时应采取行动的知识。
