Retroperitoneal Myoepithelial Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND

Myoepithelial carcinoma is rare, and myoepithelial carcinoma occurring outside the head and neck is even rarer. We reported one case of retroperitoneal myoepithelial carcinoma.

CASE SUMMARY

A 63-year-old woman who underwent computed tomography (CT) for progressive abdominal distension revealed a left retroperitoneal mass and subsequently underwent surgical treatment where the mass was completely removed with a postoperative diagnosis of retroperitoneal myoepithelial carcinoma. A follow-up CT review 40 days after surgery revealed a recurrence of the mass. After 8 months of chemotherapy and targeted immunotherapy, a follow-up review of the CT images revealed a gradual reduction in the mass. Four months after the cessation of chemotherapy and targeted drug combined immunotherapy, a follow-up review via CT revealed another recurrence and enlargement of the mass.

CONCLUSION

CT of retroperitoneal myoepithelial carcinoma revealed a massive cystic solid mass in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneum. The solid region of the mass was significantly enhanced and the cystic region was without enhancement on enhanced CT; the mass involved the adjacent duodenum, partial jejunum, and left renal vein. PET‒CT imaging revealed hypermetabolism in the solid region of the mass and no hypermetabolism in the cystic region.