Eltom M, Elmahdi E M, Salih M A, Mukhtar E, Omer M I
Trop Geogr Med. 1985 Mar;37(1):15-21.
The prevalence of goitre in the town of Kosti, Central Sudan and the city of Khartoum was investigated on account of the increasing number of goitrous patients in the wards and out-patient clinics of Khartoum Hospital coming from the county of Kosti. The frequency of goitre among 7173 school children from Kosti was 74.8%, and was higher in girls (82.1%) than in boys (67.3%). The frequency among 7075 school-children of Khartoum was 17.5%. The mean urinary iodine excretion in subjects from Kosti was significantly lower (41.8 micrograms/g creatinine) than in those from Khartoum (83.6 micrograms/g creatinine) (p less than 0.001). The water content of iodine in Kosti was low (0.1 micrograms/1). There were no significant differences in the mean serum concentrations of triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) between goitrous and non-goitrous subjects from Kosti. The mean serum level of TSH was higher in goitrous subjects from Kosti (5.2 +/- 1.4 mU/1) than in non-goitrous subjects from Khartoum. These data indicate a high prevalence of goitre in Central Sudan, mainly attributable to iodine deficiency, a fact which has not previously been recognized. Recent environmental goitrogenic factors might have modified the adaptation of the thyroid gland and promoted the occurrence of goitre.
由于喀土穆医院病房和门诊中来自科斯蒂县的甲状腺肿患者数量不断增加，因此对苏丹中部科斯蒂镇和喀土穆市的甲状腺肿患病率进行了调查。科斯蒂7173名学童的甲状腺肿患病率为74.8%，女孩（82.1%）高于男孩（67.3%）。喀土穆7075名学童的患病率为17.5%。科斯蒂受试者的尿碘排泄均值（41.8微克/克肌酐）显著低于喀土穆受试者（83.6微克/克肌酐）（p<0.001）。科斯蒂的碘含量较低（0.1微克/升）。科斯蒂甲状腺肿患者与非甲状腺肿患者的血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸、甲状腺素和促甲状腺激素（TSH）平均浓度无显著差异。科斯蒂甲状腺肿患者的血清TSH平均水平（5.2±1.4 mU/升）高于喀土穆非甲状腺肿患者。这些数据表明苏丹中部甲状腺肿患病率很高，主要归因于碘缺乏，这一事实此前未被认识到。最近的环境致甲状腺肿因素可能改变了甲状腺的适应性并促进了甲状腺肿的发生。
