Elkahlout Razan, Mohammed Sawsan G A A, Najjar Ahmed, Farrell Thomas, Rifai Hilal Al, Al-Dewik Nader, Qoronfleh M Walid
Department of Research, Women's Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar.
Translational and Precision Medicine Research, Women's Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2025 May;19(3):e70004. doi: 10.1002/prca.70004. Epub 2025 Mar 24.
Maternal and neonatal health (women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period) presents a spectrum of healthcare challenges, including preterm birth, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and gestational diabetes mellitus. While genomic investigations have shed light on many of these topics, protein biomarker discovery, a pivotal aspect of such research, holds promise in offering insights into disease diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. This review paper aims to explore the landscape of proteomics research pertaining to the aforementioned disorders. In the search for viable biomarkers, existing ones are either outdated or lack specificity and new ones being investigated do not commonly make it to the validation stage. In this review, the reasons for the gap between the biomarker discovery stage and the clinical validation stage are evaluated, in addition to what steps are being taken to mitigate the unexpectedly slow scientific and clinical progress. Notably, this paper also delves into the ethnic disparities found in maternal and neonatal health research, as well as how AI is currently being used to alleviate socioeconomic and ethnic disparities, as well as its advantages for the analysis of large "omics" datasets. We anticipate this investigation will provide critical, invaluable information for researchers, medical professionals, and policy decision-makers in this field to improve overall maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
孕产妇和新生儿健康（孕期、分娩期及产后的女性）面临一系列医疗挑战，包括早产、先兆子痫、胎儿生长受限、多囊卵巢综合征和妊娠期糖尿病。虽然基因组研究已阐明了其中许多问题，但蛋白质生物标志物的发现作为此类研究的一个关键方面，有望为疾病诊断、进展和预后提供见解。本综述旨在探讨与上述疾病相关的蛋白质组学研究概况。在寻找可行的生物标志物时，现有的标志物要么过时，要么缺乏特异性，而正在研究的新标志物通常无法进入验证阶段。在本综述中，除了正在采取哪些措施来缓解意外缓慢的科学和临床进展外，还评估了生物标志物发现阶段与临床验证阶段之间存在差距的原因。值得注意的是，本文还深入探讨了孕产妇和新生儿健康研究中发现的种族差异，以及人工智能目前如何用于缓解社会经济和种族差异，及其在分析大型“组学”数据集方面的优势。我们预计这项研究将为该领域的研究人员、医学专业人员和政策决策者提供关键且宝贵的信息，以改善整体孕产妇和新生儿健康结果。
