McMillan Ronald K, Stock Joseph M, Romberger Nathan T, Wenner Megan M, Chai Sheau C, Farquhar William B
Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Physiol Rep. 2025 Mar;13(6):e70284. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70284.
Increased dietary sodium is linked to hypertension, but most young adults display "sodium-resistant" blood pressure (BP), meaning BP is not elevated with sodium loading. In sodium-resistant rodents, fructose induces salt-sensitive BP via increased renal sodium reabsorption. Therefore, we tested the impact of fructose and sodium on renal sodium handling and BP in healthy adults, hypothesizing that their combination would impair sodium excretion and increase BP. Thirty-six participants enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial involving three diets varying in fructose and sodium. On day 7, participants wore ambulatory BP monitors and collected 24-h urine. Although high sodium increased urinary sodium excretion, excretion was 15% lower with high fructose plus high salt versus high salt alone (235.1 ± 85.0 vs. 277.9 ± 121.2 mmol/24 h, p = 0.05). Compared to the recommended diet, high salt alone did not significantly change 24 h. MAP; however, high fructose plus high salt modestly raised 24 h MAP (81 ± 6 vs. 84 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0.03). High fructose and high salt increased serum interleukin-6 concentrations compared to the recommended diet (0.31 ± 0.2 vs. 0.24 ± 0.19 pg/mL, p = 0.04). These findings suggest that increased sodium and fructose alter renal sodium handling and BP in young adults.
饮食中钠的增加与高血压有关，但大多数年轻人表现出“耐钠”血压，即血压不会因钠负荷增加而升高。在耐钠啮齿动物中，果糖通过增加肾脏对钠的重吸收诱导盐敏感性血压升高。因此，我们测试了果糖和钠对健康成年人肾脏钠处理和血压的影响，假设它们的组合会损害钠排泄并升高血压。36名参与者参加了一项随机、双盲、交叉试验，该试验涉及三种果糖和钠含量不同的饮食。在第7天，参与者佩戴动态血压监测仪并收集24小时尿液。虽然高钠增加了尿钠排泄，但与单独高盐饮食相比，高果糖加高盐饮食的尿钠排泄降低了15%（235.1±85.0对277.9±121.2 mmol/24小时，p = 0.05）。与推荐饮食相比，单独高盐饮食并未显著改变24小时平均动脉压；然而，高果糖加高盐饮食适度提高了24小时平均动脉压（81±6对84±7 mmHg，p = 0.03）。与推荐饮食相比，高果糖和高盐饮食增加了血清白细胞介素-6浓度（0.31±0.2对0.24±0.19 pg/mL，p = 0.04）。这些发现表明，钠和果糖的增加会改变年轻人的肾脏钠处理和血压。
