Levin Sofia, Tervo Taru, Ivarsson Andreas, Hägglund Martin, Stenling Andreas
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umea, Västerbotten, Sweden.
Umeå University Industrial Doctoral School for Research and Innovation, Umea, Sweden.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2025 Mar 22;11(1):e002309. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002309. eCollection 2025.
Sport injuries in youth sports are common, and holistic predictive approaches have been called for to better understand how combinations of risk and protective factors contribute to injury occurrence. This study utilises a person-centred approach to identify how combinations of psychological and physical factors are associated with injuries in youth floorball players.
At season start, 222 youth athletes conducted physical field tests and measures of self-reported mental health and demographics. Postseason, participants reported any sustained acute or overuse injuries during the season. Latent profile analysis, using psychological (anxiety and depression) and physical (field test performance) factors, such as input variables, was employed to identify risk profiles. Covariate analysis was conducted with demographic predictors of profile membership. Finally, sport injury occurrence was compared between profiles.
Three profiles were identified: 'Moderate mental health/high physical performance' (profile 1, n=101), 'Very low mental health/average physical performance' (profile 2, n=49) and 'High mental health/low physical performance' (profile 3, n=72). Athletes injured at baseline were less likely to belong to profile 1. Profile 1 had higher injury occurrence than profile 2 (OR=3.63, 95% CI (1.34 to 9.81)) and profile 3 (OR=2.63, 95% CI (1.06 to 6.47)) during the season.
Our results indicate that players in the profile characterised by moderate mental health and high physical performance (profile 1) at the start of the season, reported the highest injury occurrence during the season (based on retrospective injury reporting). Future studies should explore factors that can explain this relationship, such as engagement in risk situations, load and recovery.
青少年体育运动中的损伤很常见，因此需要采用整体预测方法，以更好地理解风险因素和保护因素的组合如何导致损伤的发生。本研究采用以人为中心的方法，来确定心理和身体因素的组合与青少年地板球运动员损伤之间的关联。
在赛季开始时，222名青少年运动员进行了体能测试以及自我报告的心理健康和人口统计学测量。赛季结束后，参与者报告了他们在赛季中遭受的任何急性或过度使用损伤。使用心理因素（焦虑和抑郁）和身体因素（体能测试表现）作为输入变量，进行潜在剖面分析，以确定风险剖面。对剖面成员的人口统计学预测因素进行协变量分析。最后，比较各剖面之间的运动损伤发生率。
确定了三个剖面：“中等心理健康/高体能表现”（剖面1，n = 101）、“极低心理健康/中等体能表现”（剖面2，n = 49）和“高心理健康/低体能表现”（剖面3，n = 72）。基线时受伤的运动员不太可能属于剖面1。在赛季中，剖面1的损伤发生率高于剖面2（优势比=3.63，95%置信区间（1.34至9.81））和剖面3（优势比=2.63，95%置信区间（1.06至6.47））。
我们的结果表明，在赛季开始时，以中等心理健康和高体能表现为特征的剖面1中的运动员，在赛季中报告的损伤发生率最高（基于回顾性损伤报告）。未来的研究应探索能够解释这种关系的因素，如参与风险情况、负荷和恢复情况。
