Amis E S, Cronan J J, Pfister R C
Urology. 1985 Jul;26(1):82-8. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(85)90268-7.
Because of the high incidence of lower pole reflux in complete duplications, decreased, delayed, or absent function in a hydronephrotic lower pole moiety is usually initially attributed to reflux nephropathy. Obstruction occurs commonly in the upper pole moiety due to an ectopic ureteral orifice or ureterocele. However, obstruction is not uncommon in the lower pole segment. Here, the etiologies are more numerous and, on occasion, result in confusing presentations. Eleven cases of obstruction involving the lower pole moiety are discussed. Pathologic entities involved include ureteropelvic junction obstructions in both complete and incomplete duplications, calculi and epithelial tumors obstructing the lower system at various levels, and an ectopic upper pole ureterocele compressing and obstructing the ureteral orifice to the lower pole.
由于完全重复肾中下段反流的发生率较高，肾积水下段部分功能降低、延迟或缺失通常最初被归因于反流性肾病。上极部分常见梗阻，原因是输尿管异位开口或输尿管囊肿。然而，下段梗阻也并不少见。此处，病因更多，有时会导致表现令人困惑。本文讨论了11例涉及下段部分的梗阻病例。所涉及的病理情况包括完全和不完全重复肾中的肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻、结石和上皮肿瘤在不同水平阻塞下段系统，以及异位上极输尿管囊肿压迫并阻塞下段输尿管开口。
