El-Fahla Nadia A, Abdelrazek Heba M A, Fouad Alyaa S, Helmy Seham A, Soliman Mohamed T A, Badawy Lobna A, El-Shenawy Nahla S
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Mar 25;51(2):72. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01475-1.
Overusing the insecticide imidacloprid (IMD) in agriculture has led to its presence in water bodies, causing serious environmental issues and fish toxicity. This study explored the potential benefits of grape seed extract (GSE) in mitigating IMD-induced growth and hormonal and gastrointestinal toxicity in Nile tilapia. A total of 240 healthy juvenile tilapias Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus), weighing an average of 11.44 ± 2.01 g at 2 weeks of age, were divided equally into four groups, each with three replicates. The control group received no special treatment, while the second group was given a diet containing 2% GSE. The third group was exposed to 1.5 µg IMD per liter of water. The fourth group was subjected to the same IMD exposure and fed a diet containing 2% GSE. These treatments were administered continuously for 75 days. Growth indices, survival rate, biochemical parameters, and digestive enzymes were measured. In addition, the growth-related hormones, intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. Histological evaluations were conducted on the stomach, duodenum, ileum, and hepatopancreas, alongside body composition analysis. Exposure to IMD delayed growth, impaired serum biochemistry and digestive enzyme activity, altered body composition, obstructed hormonal responses, decreased CAT activity, and increased intestinal MDA. All tissues exhibited signs of degradation. Combining dietary GSE with IMD improved the former parameters affected by IMD. In conclusion, research suggests that incorporating GSE into the diet may help reduce the adverse effects of IMD exposure on Nile tilapia, presenting a promising opportunity to address the environmental impacts of insecticide contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
在农业中过度使用杀虫剂吡虫啉（IMD）导致其存在于水体中，引发了严重的环境问题和鱼类毒性。本研究探讨了葡萄籽提取物（GSE）在减轻IMD对尼罗罗非鱼生长、激素和胃肠道毒性方面的潜在益处。总共240条健康的尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼，2周龄时平均体重为11.44±2.01克，被平均分为四组，每组三个重复。对照组不接受特殊处理，而第二组给予含2% GSE的饲料。第三组暴露于每升水含1.5微克IMD的环境中。第四组接受相同的IMD暴露，并喂食含2% GSE的饲料。这些处理持续进行75天。测量了生长指标、存活率、生化参数和消化酶。此外，还评估了生长相关激素、肠道丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）。对胃、十二指肠、回肠和肝胰腺进行了组织学评估，并进行了身体成分分析。暴露于IMD会延迟生长、损害血清生化和消化酶活性、改变身体成分、阻碍激素反应、降低CAT活性并增加肠道MDA。所有组织均表现出退化迹象。将饲料中的GSE与IMD结合可改善受IMD影响的上述参数。总之，研究表明在饲料中添加GSE可能有助于减少IMD暴露对尼罗罗非鱼的不利影响，为解决水生生态系统中杀虫剂污染的环境影响提供了一个有前景的机会。
