Kim Minji, Lee Boyun, Sung Jwakyung
Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 25;20(3):e0318522. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318522. eCollection 2025.
Nitrogen (N) is one of crucial mineral nutrients for rice cultivation, however excessive N application has resulted in lower utilization and thus occasionally attributes to environmental impacts. Simultaneously, rice production requires greater watering, exacerbating water scarcity concerns. This study explores strategies to enhance nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice, focusing on the carbon-nitrogen (CN) metabolism under different nitrogen conditions. Two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L. cv. Samgwang-SG, and NIL Milyang#360-ML) were subjected to different nitrogen forms (ammonium sulfate-AS, ammonium nitrate-AN) and application rates (45 kg ha⁻¹ and 90 kg ha⁻¹). The results demonstrated that SG exhibited increased N assimilation in both leaves and roots under lower N input, while ML primarily superior on grain development. ML showed higher carbohydrate accumulation in leaves, potentially contributing to enhanced grain yield under low N conditions. Moreover, ammonium-sulfate (AS) proved more effective in promoting NUE than ammonium-nitrate (AN), particularly at lower N input (45N). Principal component analysis confirmed that 45N treatments positively correlated with improved nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency, with no significant yield reduction. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing nitrogen management to improve NUE while reducing environmental impacts in rice production. A further study is required to evaluate and validate the nitrogen use efficiency under different N form and dose with a field scale.
氮（N）是水稻种植所需的关键矿质营养元素之一，然而过量施氮导致利用率降低，进而偶尔会对环境产生影响。同时，水稻生产需要大量灌溉用水，加剧了水资源短缺问题。本研究探讨了提高水稻氮素利用效率（NUE）的策略，重点关注不同氮素条件下的碳氮（C-N）代谢。选用两个水稻品种（Oryza sativa L. cv. Samgwang-SG和NIL Milyang#360-ML），施加不同的氮素形态（硫酸铵-AS、硝酸铵-AN）和施用量（45 kg ha⁻¹和90 kg ha⁻¹）。结果表明，在低氮输入条件下，SG在叶片和根系中的氮同化作用增强，而ML主要在籽粒发育方面表现更优。ML在叶片中表现出更高的碳水化合物积累，这可能有助于在低氮条件下提高籽粒产量。此外，硫酸铵（AS）在促进氮素利用效率方面比硝酸铵（AN）更有效，尤其是在低氮输入（45N）时。主成分分析证实，45N处理与提高氮素吸收和利用效率呈正相关，且产量无显著降低。这些发现凸显了优化氮素管理以提高氮素利用效率同时减少水稻生产对环境影响的重要性。需要进一步开展研究，以在田间尺度上评估和验证不同氮素形态和剂量下的氮素利用效率。
