Ornelas Pedro, Nape Isaac, de Mello Koch Robert, Forbes Andrew
School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 26;16(1):2934. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58232-4.
An open challenge in the context of quantum information processing and communication is improving the robustness of quantum information to environmental contributions of noise, a severe hindrance in real-world scenarios. Here, we show that quantum skyrmions and their nonlocal topological observables remain resilient to noise even as typical entanglement witnesses and measures of the state decay. This allows us to introduce the notion of digitization of quantum information based on our discrete topological quantum observables, foregoing the need for robustness of entanglement. We compliment our experiments with a full theoretical treatment that unlocks the quantum mechanisms behind the topological behavior, explaining why the topology leads to robustness. Our approach holds exciting promise for intrinsic quantum information resilience through topology, highly applicable to real-world systems such as global quantum networks and noisy quantum computers.
在量子信息处理与通信领域，一个公开的挑战是提高量子信息对环境噪声影响的鲁棒性，这在现实场景中是一个严重的阻碍。在此，我们表明量子斯格明子及其非局域拓扑可观测量即使在典型的纠缠见证量和态衰减量下降时，仍能保持对噪声的弹性。这使我们能够基于离散拓扑量子可观测量引入量子信息数字化的概念，而无需纠缠的鲁棒性。我们通过全面的理论处理对实验进行补充，该理论揭示了拓扑行为背后的量子机制，解释了拓扑为何能带来鲁棒性。我们的方法通过拓扑实现内在量子信息弹性，展现出令人兴奋的前景，高度适用于诸如全球量子网络和有噪声的量子计算机等现实世界系统。
