Wang Juanyi, Zhang Yi, Yang Yang, Wen Xiao, Xing Xiaodong, Zhang Zhiyong, Dong Chen
Laboratory of Virtual Reality and Simulation Technology, Department of Health Services and Management, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, 250102, China.
Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 2025 Mar 26. doi: 10.1007/s11517-025-03352-8.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stenting is extensively applied for treatment of atherosclerosis. However, the effects of dogboning (d), foreshortening (f), longitudinal recoil (l) and radial recoil (R) usually occur to inflict damage to the artery and make the positioning difficult during the cardiovascular stent (CS) expansion to the maximum and after the inflated balloon removing. In the article, the design and manufacture of a CS were carried out based on digital twin (DT) technology rather than traditional expertise- and experience-based methods. The highly kinetic model of a CS was firstly derived from its upfront proposed geometric configuration, governing equations of solid mechanics and boundary conditions to construct its DT through virtual reality (VR). Then global sensitivity analysis (GSA) and dynamic response optimization (DRO) was implemented to optimize the material and processing parameters including Young's modulus (E), isotropic tangent modulus (E), Poisson's ratio (ν), density (ρ) and initial yield stress (σ), in order to obtain a satisfied behavior requirements for effects of d, f, l and R. The prototype experiment result showed that the CS made of shape memory Nitinol with optimal material and processing parameters (ρ = 7050 kg m, ν = 0.27, E = 205 GPa, E = 675.13 MPa and σ = 198.49 MPa) obtained from its digital twin through VR simulation could have desired behavior performance characteristics, such as weak effect of d and f during the CS expansion to the maximum, and l (-0.9%), distal R (0.4%) and central R (0.7%) after the inflated balloon removing.
经皮腔内血管成形术加支架置入术广泛应用于动脉粥样硬化的治疗。然而，在心血管支架（CS）扩张至最大程度以及移除充气气球后，通常会出现“狗骨化”（d）、缩短（f）、纵向回缩（l）和径向回缩（R）等情况，对动脉造成损伤并使定位变得困难。在本文中，CS的设计和制造是基于数字孪生（DT）技术，而非传统的基于专业知识和经验的方法。首先，根据预先提出的CS几何构型、固体力学控制方程和边界条件，推导其高动力学模型，通过虚拟现实（VR）构建其数字孪生。然后实施全局敏感性分析（GSA）和动态响应优化（DRO），以优化包括杨氏模量（E）、各向同性切线模量（E）、泊松比（ν）、密度（ρ）和初始屈服应力（σ）在内的材料和加工参数，从而获得对d、f、l和R效应的满意行为要求。原型实验结果表明，通过VR模拟从其数字孪生获得的具有最佳材料和加工参数（ρ = 7050 kg/m³，ν = 0.27，E = 205 GPa，E = 675.13 MPa，σ = 198.49 MPa）的形状记忆镍钛诺制成的CS，能够具有所需的行为性能特征，例如在CS扩张至最大程度时d和f的影响较弱，以及在移除充气气球后l为（-0.9%）、远端R为（0.4%）和中心R为（0.7%）。
