Amin Md Tazvir, Ara Tasnim, Pal Bikash, Ferdous Zannatul, Esha Sumaiya Nusrat, Patwary Hridoy, Rahman Md Mahabubur
International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Institute of Statistical Research and Training (ISRT), University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Mar 26;25(1):1143. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22228-y.
The sound mental health of reproductive-aged women is crucial for overall maternal and child well-being. However, mental health aspects are historically overlooked in low- and lower-middle-income countries, including Bangladesh. National-level evidence on common mental disorders like anxiety and depression among reproductive-aged women is limited in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among ever-married reproductive-aged women in Bangladesh and examine their individual, marital, household, and contextual correlates.
We used data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2022 that collected anxiety and depression data using GAD-7 and PHQ-9 modules, respectively. This study included a total of 19,987 ever-married women aged 15 to 49 years. We used a cluster-adjusted multivariable logistic regression model to examine the factors associated with anxiety and depression.
The national level prevalence of anxiety and depression among ever-married reproductive-aged women was 19.5% and 4.9%, respectively. The odds of having anxiety monotonically increased from the age of 25. Menopause, educational attainment, autonomy, household wealth, and type of residence were not associated with anxiety or depression. Non-Muslim women were respectively 34% (AOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.80) and 33% (AOR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.97, 2.77) less likely to confront anxiety and depression than Muslims. Having a husband who completed secondary level education, having weekly marital coitus, and residing under the headship of a father or mother-in-law was associated with lower odds of anxiety and depression. Women from the Rangpur and Khulna divisions had higher odds of anxiety and depression than those from Dhaka.
This study reveals a high prevalence of anxiety among ever-married reproductive-aged women and highlights that anxiety and depression are not clustered among disadvantageous groups like less educated, less autonomous, rural, and poor women. Anxiety and depression are rather associated with late reproductive age, religious affiliation, marital factors, and region.
育龄妇女的心理健康状况对母婴整体福祉至关重要。然而，在包括孟加拉国在内的低收入和中低收入国家，心理健康方面在历史上一直被忽视。孟加拉国缺乏关于育龄妇女焦虑和抑郁等常见精神障碍的国家级证据。因此，本研究旨在估计孟加拉国已婚育龄妇女焦虑和抑郁的患病率，并考察其个人、婚姻、家庭和环境相关因素。
我们使用了2022年孟加拉国人口与健康调查的数据，该调查分别使用广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）模块收集焦虑和抑郁数据。本研究共纳入了19987名年龄在15至49岁的已婚妇女。我们使用聚类调整多变量逻辑回归模型来考察与焦虑和抑郁相关的因素。
已婚育龄妇女中焦虑和抑郁的全国患病率分别为19.5%和4.9%。焦虑几率从25岁起单调增加。绝经、教育程度、自主性、家庭财富和居住类型与焦虑或抑郁无关。非穆斯林女性面临焦虑和抑郁的可能性分别比穆斯林低34%（调整后比值比：0.66，95%置信区间：0.55，0.80）和33%（调整后比值比：0.67，95%置信区间：0.97，2.77）。丈夫完成中等教育、每周有婚姻性行为以及在公公或婆婆的户主下居住与焦虑和抑郁几率较低相关。来自朗布尔和库尔纳地区的女性比来自达卡的女性有更高的焦虑和抑郁几率。
本研究揭示了已婚育龄妇女中焦虑的高患病率，并强调焦虑和抑郁并非集中在教育程度较低、自主性较差、农村和贫困等弱势群体中。焦虑和抑郁反而与生育年龄较晚、宗教信仰、婚姻因素和地区有关。
