de Assis Lucas Uchoa, Mondellini Giulio M, van den Dorpel Mark Mp, van Niekerk Jenna, Van Mieghem Nicolas M
Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Interv Cardiol. 2025 Feb 28;20:e07. doi: 10.15420/icr.2024.37. eCollection 2025.
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is the third most common valvular heart disease, with its prevalence and severity increasing with age. AR can arise from degenerative, congenital, inflammatory and infectious aetiologies, manifesting as primary AR with intrinsic leaflet disease, secondary AR due to aortopathy or annular dilatation, or a combination. Furthermore, AR can be acute, as observed in endocarditis and aortic dissection, or chronic, as seen in calcific aortic valve disease, connective tissue disorders, or bicuspid valve phenotypes. This review discusses the aetiopathology of these various AR manifestations (primary, secondary, acute and chronic AR), highlighting diagnostic challenges and implications for aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
主动脉瓣反流（AR）是第三常见的心脏瓣膜病，其患病率和严重程度随年龄增长而增加。AR可由退行性、先天性、炎症性和感染性病因引起，表现为原发性AR伴瓣膜小叶内在病变、因主动脉病变或瓣环扩张导致的继发性AR，或两者兼而有之。此外，AR可以是急性的，如在感染性心内膜炎和主动脉夹层中所见，也可以是慢性的，如在钙化性主动脉瓣疾病、结缔组织疾病或二叶式瓣膜表型中所见。本综述讨论了这些各种AR表现（原发性、继发性、急性和慢性AR）的病因病理学，强调了诊断挑战以及对主动脉瓣置换和经导管主动脉瓣植入的影响。
