Alyami Ali Mana, Kirimi Mahmut Talha, Neale Steven L, Mercer John R
BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
James Watt South Building, College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
Biosensors (Basel). 2025 Feb 25;15(3):147. doi: 10.3390/bios15030147.
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Key challenges such as atherosclerosis, in-stent restenosis, and maintaining arteriovenous access, pose urgent problems for effective treatments for both coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease. The next generation of active implantables will offer innovative solutions and research opportunities to reduce the economic and human cost of disease. Current treatments rely on vascular stents or synthetic implantable grafts to treat vessels when they block such as through in-stent restenosis and haemodialysis graft failure. This is often driven by vascular cell overgrowth termed neointimal hyperplasia, often in response to inflammation and injury. The integration of biosensors into existing approved implants will bring a revolution in cardiovascular devices and into a promising new era. Biosensors that allow real-time vascular monitoring will provide early detection and warning of pathological cell growth. This will enable proactive wireless treatment outside of the traditional hospital settings. Ongoing research focuses on the development of self-reporting smart cardiovascular devices, which have shown promising results using a combination of virtual in silico modelling, bench testing, and preclinical in vivo testing. This innovative approach holds the key to a new generation of wireless data solutions and wireless powered implants to enhance patient outcomes and alleviate the burden on global healthcare budgets.
心血管疾病仍然是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。动脉粥样硬化、支架内再狭窄以及维持动静脉通路等关键挑战，给冠心病和慢性肾脏病的有效治疗带来了紧迫问题。下一代有源植入设备将提供创新解决方案和研究机会，以降低疾病的经济和人力成本。当前的治疗方法依赖血管支架或合成植入式移植物来治疗血管堵塞，如支架内再狭窄和血液透析移植物失败。这通常是由称为内膜增生的血管细胞过度生长驱动的，这种过度生长往往是对炎症和损伤的反应。将生物传感器集成到现有的获批植入设备中将给心血管设备带来一场革命，并开启一个充满希望的新时代。能够进行实时血管监测的生物传感器将提供病理性细胞生长的早期检测和预警。这将使在传统医院环境之外进行主动的无线治疗成为可能。正在进行的研究集中在开发自我报告的智能心血管设备上，通过虚拟计算机建模、实验室测试和临床前体内测试相结合，这些研究已显示出有前景的结果。这种创新方法是新一代无线数据解决方案和无线供电植入设备的关键，有望改善患者预后并减轻全球医疗保健预算的负担。
