Fang Jie, Blaschkauer Mihal, Distelfeld Assaf, Liu Zihao, Song Bin, Rachmilevitch Shimon, Adams Jonathan M
School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, Be'er Sheva 84990, Israel.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Feb 20;11(3):168. doi: 10.3390/jof11030168.
While the differences between domesticated crops and their wild relatives have been extensively studied, less is known about their rhizosphere microbiomes, which hold potential for breeding stress-resistant traits. We compared the rhizosphere microbiomes of domesticated wheat ( L.) and its wild ancestor ( ssp. ) in a typical agricultural field using 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing. Our results revealed a high level of conservation in the rhizosphere microbiomes between wild and domesticated wheat, with minimal divergence in community composition and microbial network structure. However, domesticated wheat exhibited a higher prevalence of fungal pathogens and increased functional redundancy, with significant enrichment of genes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling. The microbial community assemblies in both wheats were predominantly governed by deterministic processes. This suggests that long-term conventional agricultural practices have imposed minor effects on the compositional differences between the microbiomes of wild and domesticated wheat. Nonetheless, the lower abundance of apparent pathogens in the rhizosphere of the wild wheat suggests greater natural biota or innate host plant resistance against pathogenic fungi. This study may provide valuable insights into the host selection, assembly patterns, and functional potential of microbial communities in wild versus domesticated wheat, with implications for manipulating microbial communities in future crop breeding.
虽然已对驯化作物与其野生近缘种之间的差异进行了广泛研究，但对于它们的根际微生物群却知之甚少，而根际微生物群在培育抗逆性状方面具有潜力。我们在一个典型的农田中，使用16S rRNA和ITS基因测序比较了驯化小麦（普通小麦）及其野生祖先（乌拉尔图小麦亚种）的根际微生物群。我们的结果显示，野生小麦和驯化小麦的根际微生物群具有高度的保守性，群落组成和微生物网络结构的差异极小。然而，驯化小麦表现出较高的真菌病原体流行率和功能冗余增加，参与碳和氮循环的基因显著富集。两种小麦中的微生物群落组装主要由确定性过程控制。这表明长期的传统农业实践对野生小麦和驯化小麦微生物群之间的组成差异影响较小。尽管如此，野生小麦根际中明显病原体的丰度较低，这表明其具有更强的自然生物群或宿主植物对致病真菌的固有抗性。这项研究可能为野生小麦与驯化小麦中微生物群落的宿主选择、组装模式和功能潜力提供有价值的见解，对未来作物育种中操纵微生物群落具有启示意义。
