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一氧化氮对城市空气质量的影响及其高环境浓度成因：来自中国渤海湾地区典型石化城市的长期数据分析洞察

Impacts of NO on Urban Air Quality and Causes of Its High Ambient Levels: Insights from a Relatively Long-Term Data Analysis in a Typical Petrochemical City in the Bohai Bay Region, China.

作者信息

Gao Xiaoshuai, An Cong, Yan Yongxin, Ji Yuanyuan, Wei Wei, Xue Likun, Gao Rui, Shang Fanyi, Li Jidong, Tan Luyao, Li Hong

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.

出版信息

Toxics. 2025 Mar 13;13(3):208. doi: 10.3390/toxics13030208.

DOI:10.3390/toxics13030208
PMID:40137535
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11946341/
Abstract

The ambient levels of NO in urban areas in China in recent years have generally shown a downward trend, but high NO concentrations still exist under certain conditions, and the causes for such phenomenon and its impact on air quality remain unclear. Taking Dongying, a typical petrochemical city in the Bohai Bay of China, as an example, this paper analyzed the influence of NO on urban air quality and investigated the causes for the formation of NO with high concentrations. The results indicated that higher daily NO concentrations (>40 μg/m) mainly occurred during January-April and September-December each year, and higher hourly NO concentrations mainly occurred during the nighttime and morning rush hour in Dongying from 2017 to 2023. With the increase in daily NO concentrations, the daily air pollution levels showed a general increasing trend from 2017 to 2023. The occurrence of high NO values in Dongying was affected by the combination of unfavorable meteorological conditions, local emissions and regional transports, and localized atmospheric chemical generation. High-pressure and uniform-pressure weather patterns in 2017-2022, along with land-sea breeze circulation in 2022, contribute to high NO concentrations in Dongying. Boundary layer heights (BLH) in spring (-0.43) and winter (-0.36), wind direction in summer (0.21), and temperature in autumn (-0.46) are the primary meteorological factors driving NO-HH (High hourly NO values), while BLH (-0.47) is the main cause for NO-HD (High daily NO values). The titration reaction between NO with O is the main cause for NO-HH in spring, summer and autumn, and photochemical reactions of aromatics have a significant influence on NO-HD. NOx emissions from the thermal power and petrochemical industry in Dongying and air pollution transports from western and southwestern Shandong Province (throughout the year) and from the Bohai Sea (during spring and summer) had serious adverse impact on high NO values in 2022. The results of the study could help to provide a scientific basis for the control of NO and the continuous improvement of air quality in Dongying and similar petrochemical cities.

摘要

近年来，中国城市地区一氧化氮（NO）的环境水平总体呈下降趋势，但在某些条件下仍存在高浓度的NO，这种现象的成因及其对空气质量的影响尚不清楚。本文以中国渤海湾典型石化城市东营为例，分析了NO对城市空气质量的影响，并探究了高浓度NO形成的原因。结果表明，较高的日NO浓度（>40μg/m）主要发生在每年的1月至4月以及9月至12月，而较高的小时NO浓度主要发生在2017年至2023年东营的夜间和早高峰时段。随着日NO浓度的增加，2017年至2023年期间的日空气污染水平总体呈上升趋势。东营高NO值的出现受到不利气象条件、本地排放、区域传输以及局地大气化学生成等多种因素的综合影响。2017 - 2022年的高压和均压天气模式，以及2022年的海陆风环流，导致了东营高浓度的NO。春季（-0.43）和冬季（-0.36）的边界层高度、夏季（风向，0.21）以及秋季（-0.46）的温度是驱动小时高NO值（NO-HH）的主要气象因素，而边界层高度（-0.47）是日高NO值（NO-HD）的主要成因。春季、夏季和秋季，NO与O之间的滴定反应是NO-HH的主要成因，芳烃的光化学反应对NO-HD有显著影响。东营火电和石化行业的氮氧化物排放以及来自山东省西部和西南部（全年）和渤海（春季和夏季）的空气污染传输对2022年的高NO值产生了严重的不利影响。该研究结果有助于为东营及类似石化城市控制NO以及持续改善空气质量提供科学依据。

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