Michou Vasiliki, Tsiotsias Arsenios, Eskitzis Panagiotis
Department of Midwifery, School of Healthcare Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Keptse, 50200 Ptolemaida, Greece.
Nurs Rep. 2025 Mar 14;15(3):99. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15030099.
This study aimed to estimate the Greek population's maternal dietary intake, physical activity status, and body composition during pregnancy. Forty-nine women during pregnancy, with a mean age of 31.08 ± 4.90 years old, were asked to fill in the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) to assess their physical activity levels, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the maternal dietary intake, and a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to evaluate different body composition indices. Variance analysis showed that the pregnancy trimester's effect on various indices of BIA was statistically significant. Moreover, the results showed that pregnant women consume a median of 2135 kcal and 2012.10 mL of water per day, regardless of their trimester. The Pearson correlation analysis unveiled a significant positive correlation between energy (r = 0.795, < 0.001), water (r = 0.759, < 0.001), fat (r = 0.535, = 0.029), and dietary fibers (r = 0.310, < 0.001) with pregnancy trimester. According to the PPAQ in women, categorized based on their pregnancy trimester, the results showed that women in the third trimester were statistically more sedentary than those in the second and first trimesters, respectively. Lastly, multiple regression analysis showed that pregnancy trimester ( = 0.005), employment status ( = 0.040), economic status ( = 0.037), and higher BMI ( = 0.013), BFMI ( = 0.017), and FFMI ( = 0.024) values had a significant contribution to the model. Pregnancy trimester has a significant impact on different indices of BIA and nutrients based on the FFQ, while physical activity levels decrease dramatically during pregnancy.
本研究旨在评估希腊人群孕期的孕产妇饮食摄入量、身体活动状况和身体成分。四十九名孕期女性，平均年龄为31.08±4.90岁，被要求填写孕期身体活动问卷（PPAQ）以评估其身体活动水平，填写食物频率问卷（FFQ）以评估孕产妇饮食摄入量，并进行生物电阻抗分析（BIA）以评估不同的身体成分指标。方差分析表明，孕期对BIA的各种指标有统计学上的显著影响。此外，结果显示，无论处于孕期的哪个阶段，孕妇每天的能量摄入量中位数为2135千卡，水摄入量为2012.10毫升。Pearson相关分析揭示了能量（r = 0.795，<0.001）、水（r = 0.759，<0.001）、脂肪（r = 0.535，= 0.029）和膳食纤维（r = 0.310，<0.001）与孕期之间存在显著正相关。根据按孕期分类的女性PPAQ结果显示，孕晚期女性在统计学上比孕中期和孕早期女性更久坐。最后，多元回归分析表明，孕期（= 0.005）、就业状况（= 0.040）、经济状况（= 0.037）以及较高的BMI（= 0.013）、BFMI（= 0.017）和FFMI（= 0.024）值对模型有显著贡献。孕期对基于FFQ的BIA不同指标和营养素具有显著影响，而孕期身体活动水平会大幅下降。
