Adeniyi Oladele Vincent, Masilela Charity, Durojaiye Oyewole Christopher
Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, East London 5200, South Africa.
Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
Pathogens. 2025 Feb 20;14(3):209. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14030209.
Understanding the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis among survivors of sexual violence in South Africa is crucial for guiding targeted healthcare interventions, despite the limited available data. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of these infections and their associated risk factors in survivors from the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed 1957 medical records of survivors of sexual violence who received care at two large healthcare facilities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa between January 2019 and December 2020. All survivors were screened for HBV, HIV, and syphilis infections. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with HIV and syphilis infections. The overall seroprevalence rates for HBV, syphilis, and HIV were 0.7%, 4.9%, and 17.3%, respectively. Six individuals were co-infected with at least two of these infections. Predictors for HIV infection included age (age < 16: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.08 and ages 16-25: aOR 0.45; 95% CI, 0.34-0.59) and black race (aOR 4.78; 95% CI, 1.09-20.88). Predictors for syphilis infection were age (age < 16: aOR 0.05; 95% CI, 0.02-0.15 and ages 16-25: aOR 0.41; 95% CI, 0.25-0.66) and residing in an urban area (aOR 0.23; 95% CI, 0.10-0.50). Survivors of sexual violence are at increased risk of HBV, HIV, and syphilis. Urgent measures are needed to provide comprehensive screening, treatment, prevention, and education to address this critical public health issue.
尽管现有数据有限，但了解南非性暴力幸存者中乙型肝炎（HBV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒的流行情况对于指导有针对性的医疗干预措施至关重要。本研究旨在调查南非东开普省幸存者中这些感染的流行情况及其相关危险因素。这项回顾性横断面研究回顾了2019年1月至2020年12月期间在南非东开普省两家大型医疗机构接受治疗的1957例性暴力幸存者的医疗记录。所有幸存者均接受了HBV、HIV和梅毒感染筛查。采用逻辑回归分析确定与HIV和梅毒感染相关的因素。HBV、梅毒和HIV的总体血清阳性率分别为0.7%、4.9%和17.3%。6人同时感染了至少两种这些感染。HIV感染的预测因素包括年龄（年龄<16岁：调整后的优势比[aOR]为0.05；95%置信区间[CI]，0.03 - 0.08；年龄16 - 25岁：aOR为0.45；95%CI，0.34 - 0.59）和黑人种族（aOR为4.78；95%CI，1.09 - 20.88）。梅毒感染的预测因素是年龄（年龄<16岁：aOR为0.05；95%CI，0.02 - 0.15；年龄16 - 25岁：aOR为0.41；95%CI，0.25 - 0.66）和居住在城市地区（aOR为0.23；95%CI，0.10 - 0.50）。性暴力幸存者感染HBV、HIV和梅毒风险增加。需要采取紧急措施提供全面筛查、治疗、预防和教育，以解决这一关键的公共卫生问题。
