Dememew Zewdu, Deribew Atakilt, Zegeye Amtatachew, Janfa Taye, Kegne Teshager, Alemayehu Yohannes, Gebreyohannes Asfawosen, Deka Sidhartha, Suarez Pedro, Datiko Daniel, Schwarz Dan
USAID Eliminate TB Project, Management Sciences for Health, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1157, Ethiopia.
National TB, Leprosy and Other Lung Diseases Program, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1234, Ethiopia.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 17;10(3):79. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10030079.
The study was conducted in all regions of Ethiopia, except Tigray. It describes types of Tuberculosis (TB) based on gender, age, region, HIV status, and geographic setting in Ethiopia. It is a cross-sectional study that utilized the Ministry of Health's District Health Information System-based reporting to analyze all types of TB from July 2022 to March 2024. In total, 290,450 TB cases were detected: 42.6% (123,871) were female, 9.4% (27,160) were children (under 15 years of age), and 14.5% (42,228) were adolescents (10-19 years of age). About 48% (20,185) of adolescent TB cases were bacteriologically confirmed, of which 47.5% were females. Compared to children <5 years, the male-to-female ratio is 26% higher among older children (5-9 years of age) (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.26, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.51-2.01)) and 53% higher among adolescents (AOR: 1.53, 95% CI 0.87-2.18). In short, about half of TB cases are infectious among older children and young adolescents of the female gender in Ethiopia. TB among these age categories may be addressed through the integration of TB services with reproductive health services and youth-friendly and pediatric clinics.
该研究在埃塞俄比亚除提格雷之外的所有地区开展。它描述了埃塞俄比亚基于性别、年龄、地区、艾滋病毒感染状况及地理环境的结核病类型。这是一项横断面研究，利用了卫生部基于地区卫生信息系统的报告来分析2022年7月至2024年3月期间的所有结核病类型。总共检测到290450例结核病病例：42.6%（123871例）为女性，9.4%（27160例）为儿童（15岁以下），14.5%（42228例）为青少年（10 - 19岁）。约48%（20185例）的青少年结核病病例经细菌学确诊，其中47.5%为女性。与5岁以下儿童相比，年龄较大儿童（5 - 9岁）的男女比例高26%（调整优势比（AOR）：1.26，95%置信区间（CI）：0.51 - 2.01），青少年中的男女比例高53%（AOR：1.53，95%CI 0.87 - 2.18）。简而言之，在埃塞俄比亚年龄较大的儿童和年轻女性青少年中，约一半的结核病病例具有传染性。这些年龄组的结核病可通过将结核病服务与生殖健康服务以及青少年友好型和儿科诊所相结合来解决。
