Kaplan Emma H, Vecchio Michele, Simpson David M
Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2025 Mar 4;17(3):122. doi: 10.3390/toxins17030122.
Focal limb dystonias (FLDs) are abnormal postures and muscle contractions in an arm or leg that can occur in the setting of specific activities or without any stimulus. This pathology can have a profound impact on quality of life and potentially limit work in those whose dystonias are brought on by activities related to their occupations. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is approved for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration for several indications, including cervical dystonia and blepharospasm, but not for FLD. Despite this limitation, BoNT is frequently used clinically for FLD, generally with individualized dosing based on patient need and clinician expertise. Various methods exist for targeting treatment to the specific affected muscles and assessing the benefit of treatment. Small clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of BoNT, but larger controlled studies are needed.
局灶性肢体肌张力障碍（FLD）是指手臂或腿部出现的异常姿势和肌肉收缩，可在特定活动情况下发生，也可无任何刺激因素而出现。这种病症会对生活质量产生深远影响，并可能限制那些因与职业相关活动引发肌张力障碍的人的工作能力。肉毒杆菌毒素（BoNT）在美国已获食品药品监督管理局批准用于多种适应症，包括颈部肌张力障碍和眼睑痉挛，但未获批用于FLD。尽管存在这一限制，BoNT在临床上仍经常用于FLD，通常根据患者需求和临床医生的专业知识进行个体化给药。存在多种针对特定受累肌肉进行治疗以及评估治疗效果的方法。小型临床试验已证明BoNT的疗效，但仍需要更大规模的对照研究。
