Maurya Anil Kumar, Srivastava Mona, Ashish Ashish, Singh Nitish Kumar, Yadav Abhay Kumar, Vishwakarma Shani, Singh Royana
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Biometals. 2025 Jun;38(3):831-842. doi: 10.1007/s10534-025-00679-5. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
There have been almost no studies with trace elements and psychological battery in cognitively impaired elderly individuals. Such research is crucial to enhance diagnostic accuracy. We aim to identify significant differences in blood serum concentration levels of trace elements, Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMMSE), and psychological battery as Hindi Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (HMDRS) scores between case and control groups in the elderly. A cross-sectional research design was conducted with a total of 240 subjects, comprising 120 each from the case and control groups. Trace elements were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. HMMSE and HMDRS tests were administered to assess cognition scores. The chi-square test, t-test, and appropriate statistics were utilized. Our findings indicate significant differences in demographic factors (age, gender, education level) and clinical levels (p < .001), while caste, habitat, and marital status were not significant (p < .05). Concentration levels of Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) was higher, Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), and Selenium (Se) were lower, significantly different (p < .001), but Magnesium (Mg) was not (p < .05). Additionally, third HMMSE and HMDRS were significant (p < .001) between the case and control groups in the elderly. The study suggested that higher levels of Fe and Cu, while lower Zn, Cr, and Se blood serum concentrations increased the risk of cognitive impairments in the elderly population, demonstrated by the HMMSE and HMDRS test scores which were lower in the case group.
针对认知受损的老年人，几乎没有关于微量元素与心理测评组合的研究。此类研究对于提高诊断准确性至关重要。我们旨在确定老年病例组和对照组之间血清微量元素浓度水平、印地语简易精神状态检查表（HMMSE）以及作为印地语马蒂斯痴呆评定量表（HMDRS）分数的心理测评组合的显著差异。采用横断面研究设计，共有240名受试者，病例组和对照组各120名。使用原子吸收光谱法分析微量元素。进行HMMSE和HMDRS测试以评估认知分数。采用卡方检验、t检验及适当的统计学方法。我们的研究结果表明，人口统计学因素（年龄、性别、教育水平）和临床水平存在显著差异（p < 0.001），而种姓、居住环境和婚姻状况则无显著差异（p < 0.05）。铁（Fe）和铜（Cu）的浓度水平较高，锌（Zn）、铬（Cr）和硒（Se）较低，差异显著（p < 0.001），但镁（Mg）并非如此（p < 0.05）。此外，老年病例组和对照组之间的第三次HMMSE和HMDRS结果存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。该研究表明，较高水平的Fe和Cu，而较低的血清Zn、Cr和Se浓度会增加老年人群认知障碍的风险，病例组较低的HMMSE和HMDRS测试分数证明了这一点。
