Lach Jakub, Gogacz Michał, Winiarz Piotr, Ling Yihan, Zhou Mingjiong, Zheng Kun
Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Mar 13;18(6):1272. doi: 10.3390/ma18061272.
Solid oxide cells (SOCs) can operate efficiently in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and/or solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) modes, and are one of the most promising electrochemical devices for energy conversion and storage, facilitating the integration of renewable energies with the electric grid. However, the SOC electrodes suffer performance and stability issues, especially in the case of fuel electrodes when SOCs are fueled by cheaper and more available fuels such as methane and natural gas. Typical Ni-YSZ cermet fuel electrodes suffer problems of coarsening, carbon deposition, and sulfur poisoning. Therefore, developing new electrodes using novel design strategies for SOCs is crucial. In this review work, the fuel electrode development strategies including the in situ exsolution of nanoparticles, multi-elemental nanocatalysts, and nanofiber materials have been reviewed and summarized for the design of new electrodes for SOCs. Nanofiber electrodes with in situ exsolved nanoparticles, which combine the advantages of a unique nanofiber microstructure and stable and active exsolved nanoparticles, are of great interest and significantly contribute to the development of high-performance fuel electrodes for SOCs.
固体氧化物电池（SOCs）可以在固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）和/或固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）模式下高效运行，是能量转换和存储方面最具前景的电化学装置之一，有助于可再生能源与电网的整合。然而，SOC电极存在性能和稳定性问题，特别是当SOCs使用更便宜、更易获取的燃料（如甲烷和天然气）作为燃料时，燃料电极的情况尤为如此。典型的镍 - 钇稳定氧化锆（Ni-YSZ）金属陶瓷燃料电极存在颗粒粗化、积碳和硫中毒等问题。因此，采用新颖的设计策略为SOCs开发新型电极至关重要。在这项综述工作中，对包括纳米颗粒原位析出、多元素纳米催化剂和纳米纤维材料等在内的燃料电极开发策略进行了综述和总结，以用于SOCs新型电极的设计。具有原位析出纳米颗粒的纳米纤维电极结合了独特的纳米纤维微观结构以及稳定且活性高的析出纳米颗粒的优点，备受关注，并对高性能SOCs燃料电极的开发做出了重大贡献。
