Saeedi Pardis, Nilchiani Leila Sadat, Zand Bita, Hajimirghasemi Maryam, Halabian Raheleh
Research Center for Health Management in Mass Gathering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Regen Ther. 2025 Mar 11;29:60-76. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2025.02.011. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Trauma injuries represent a significant public health burden worldwide, often leading to long-term disability and reduced quality of life. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic potential of stem cells and cell products for traumatic injuries. The extraordinary characteristics of stem cells, such as self-renewal and transdifferentiation, make them definitive candidates for tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been tested in preclinical studies for treating distinct traumatic injuries. Stem cell mechanisms of action are addressed through paracrine signaling, immunomodulation, differentiation, and neuroprotection. Cell products such as conditioned media, exosomes, and secretomes offer cell-free resources, thereby avoiding the risks of live cell transplantation. Clinical trials have reported many effective outcomes; however, variability exists across trauma types. Some challenges include tumorigenicity, standardized protocols, and regulatory issues. Collaboration and interdisciplinary research are being conducted to harness stem cells and products for trauma treatment. This emerging field is promising for improving patient recovery and quality of life after traumatic injuries.
创伤性损伤在全球范围内构成了重大的公共卫生负担，常常导致长期残疾并降低生活质量。本综述全面概述了干细胞和细胞产物在创伤性损伤治疗中的潜在应用。干细胞的非凡特性，如自我更新和转分化，使其成为组织再生的理想候选者。间充质干细胞（MSCs）、神经干细胞（NSCs）和造血干细胞（HSCs）已在临床前研究中用于治疗不同的创伤性损伤。干细胞的作用机制通过旁分泌信号传导、免疫调节、分化和神经保护来实现。细胞产物如条件培养基、外泌体和分泌体提供了无细胞资源，从而避免了活细胞移植的风险。临床试验报告了许多有效的结果；然而，不同创伤类型之间存在差异。一些挑战包括致瘤性、标准化方案和监管问题。目前正在开展合作和跨学科研究，以利用干细胞和细胞产物进行创伤治疗。这个新兴领域有望改善创伤性损伤后患者的恢复情况和生活质量。
