Lum Zachary C, Astleford Kyle, Kreulen Christopher, Giza Eric
Orthopaedics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Foot Ankle Orthop. 2025 Mar 23;10(1):24730114251327208. doi: 10.1177/24730114251327208. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Over the past 2 decades, various initiatives have aimed to enhance diversity in orthopaedic surgery, promoting greater racial, ethnic, and gender equity. Building on this progress, demographic data on orthopaedic fellowship matches has been collected over the last 3 years. This study seeks to analyze trends in applicants to foot and ankle fellowships, characterize the applicant pool, and identify traits associated with successful matches.
All applicant information from a fellowship application service site was obtained for match years 2022-2024. Applicants were selected only if they applied to the specific subspecialty fellowship. Gender, race, and ethnicity were recorded. Applicant factors such as Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) status, Gold Humanitarian status, United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 score, number of applications, and number of interview invitations were used. Applicant medical school status, including allopathic, osteopathic, Canadian, and foreign medical graduate (FMG) were analyzed. χ test was performed between US and FMG applicants. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression was performed for FMGs.
There were 286 applicants, 82.8% males, 16.5% females, 133 US- and Canadian-trained graduates, and 153 FMGs. The match rate for US- and Canadian-trained graduates was 99.2% compared with FMGs, which was 43.7% and associated with lower matching rates ( < .00001). When performing analysis in US and FMG groups independently because of multicollinearity, no factors could be associated with matching. Only when the applicant had FMG status, then the number of interview invitations were associated with matching. When the number of interviews approached 6, the likelihood of matching was >95%.All except 1 US F&A applicant matched into an F&A fellowship. During the match period, US-trained applicants were 28%-32% female, 4%-8% Black/African American, 8%-17% Asian, 65%-73% White, 2%-4% American Indian, and 2%-8% Hispanic, with no Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders applying. Female applicants were above representation compared to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) numbers, but the remaining race and ethnicity applicants were within the range of current ACGME standings, which is still lower than US Census results.
Nearly all US-trained foot and ankle applicants matched, whereas FMG applicants matched 43% of the time.
在过去20年里，各种举措旨在提高骨科手术的多样性，促进更大程度的种族、民族和性别平等。在这一进展的基础上，过去3年收集了骨科专科住院医师匹配的人口统计学数据。本研究旨在分析足踝专科住院医师项目申请人的趋势，描述申请人群体特征，并确定与成功匹配相关的特质。
获取了2022 - 2024年住院医师申请服务网站上的所有申请人信息。仅选择申请特定亚专科住院医师项目的申请人。记录性别、种族和民族。使用申请人因素，如美国医学优等生协会（AOA）身份、金色人道主义身份、美国医师执照考试（USMLE）第二步成绩、申请数量和面试邀请数量。分析申请人医学院校身份，包括全科医学、 osteopathic、加拿大和外国医学毕业生（FMG）。对美国申请人和FMG申请人进行χ检验。对FMG进行单变量和多变量二项逻辑回归分析。
共有286名申请人，男性占82.8%，女性占16.5%，133名美国和加拿大培养的毕业生，153名FMG。美国和加拿大培养的毕业生匹配率为99.2%，而FMG为43.7%，且匹配率较低（<0.00001）。由于多重共线性，分别对美国和FMG组进行分析时，没有因素与匹配相关。只有当申请人具有FMG身份时，面试邀请数量才与匹配相关。当面试数量接近6次时，匹配可能性>95%。除1名美国足踝申请人外，所有申请人都匹配到了足踝专科住院医师项目。在匹配期间，美国培养的申请人中女性占28% - 32%，黑人/非裔美国人占4% - 8%，亚洲人占8% - 17%，白人占65% - 73%，美国印第安人占2% - 4%，西班牙裔占2% - 8%，没有夏威夷原住民和太平洋岛民申请。与毕业后医学教育认证委员会（ACGME）的数据相比，女性申请人比例偏高，但其余种族和民族申请人在当前ACGME的范围内，仍低于美国人口普查结果。
几乎所有美国培养的足踝专科申请人都成功匹配，而FMG申请人的匹配率为43%。
