Suwajo Poonpissamai, Annoppornchai Pavinee, Prueksadee Jenjeera, Krongtham Patcharin, Manasnayakorn Sopark
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Center of Excellence in Transgender Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2025 Mar 22;17:17588359251327984. doi: 10.1177/17588359251327984. eCollection 2025.
Breast cancer screening in transgender women, particularly those undergoing hormone therapy, remains understudied. Limited screening guidelines exist for transgender individuals, creating a need for tailored recommendations. This study addresses breast cancer screening outcomes in Thai transgender women using mammography and ultrasound.
To assess breast imaging characteristics and screening outcomes in transgender women in Thailand and identify factors associated with breast density.
A descriptive correlation study with a cross-sectional design.
Sixty-six transgender women over 40 years of age, who had been on hormone replacement therapy for at least 5 years, were recruited from three clinics. Participants underwent mammography and breast ultrasound, with imaging analyzed using the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) system. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation.
The average age of participants was 49.2 years, with an average of 16.3 years of hormone use. Of the participants, 80.3% had undergone breast augmentation. Most participants (86.4%) were classified as BI-RADS 2 and dense breast tissue. Screening findings were mostly negative or benign (94%), with the remaining 6% demonstrating probably benign findings. No signs of malignancy were detected. There was no significant correlation between age, BMI, hormone use duration, BI-RADS, and breast density.
Breast cancer screening among transgender women in Thailand showed high rates of dense breast tissue and low abnormality detection. Moreover, most of them have previously undergone breast augmentation. Therefore, screening guidelines should use both mammography and ultrasound for early detection.
对于 transgender 女性（跨性别女性）的乳腺癌筛查，尤其是那些正在接受激素治疗的女性，研究仍然不足。针对 transgender 个体的筛查指南有限，因此需要量身定制的建议。本研究探讨了泰国 transgender 女性使用乳房 X 光造影和超声进行乳腺癌筛查的结果。
评估泰国 transgender 女性的乳房影像特征和筛查结果，并确定与乳房密度相关的因素。
一项采用横断面设计的描述性相关性研究。
从三家诊所招募了 66 名年龄在 40 岁以上、接受激素替代治疗至少 5 年的 transgender 女性。参与者接受了乳房 X 光造影和乳房超声检查，并使用乳房影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）对影像进行分析。数据采用描述性统计和斯皮尔曼相关性分析。
参与者的平均年龄为 49.2 岁，平均激素使用年限为 16.3 年。在参与者中，80.3% 进行过隆胸手术。大多数参与者（86.4%）被归类为 BI-RADS 2 级且乳房组织致密。筛查结果大多为阴性或良性（94%），其余 6% 显示可能为良性的结果。未检测到恶性迹象。年龄、体重指数、激素使用时长、BI-RADS 和乳房密度之间无显著相关性。
泰国 transgender 女性的乳腺癌筛查显示乳房致密组织的比例较高，异常检出率较低。此外，她们中的大多数人之前都进行过隆胸手术。因此，筛查指南应同时使用乳房 X 光造影和超声进行早期检测。
