人类认知障碍和痴呆症中血脑屏障及神经血管单元完整性的生物标志物

Biomarkers of blood-brain barrier and neurovascular unit integrity in human cognitive impairment and dementia.

作者信息

French Scott R, Meyer Briana P, Arias Juan C, Levendovzsky Swati Rane, Weinkauf Craig C

机构信息

Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Department of Radiology, Integrated Brain Imaging Center, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

出版信息

Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Mar;21(3):e70104. doi: 10.1002/alz.70104.

DOI:10.1002/alz.70104

PMID:40145342

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11947770/

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is recognized as an early step in the development of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Biomarkers are needed to monitor BBB integrity over time, better understand the role of the BBB in neurodegeneration, potentially help define long-term ADRD risk, and monitor effects of therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the current biomarkers used to detect human BBB dysfunction in the context of cognitive decline and dementia. We also discuss promising candidate fluid biomarkers to detect BBB dysfunction in blood. HIGHLIGHTS: BBB permeability occurs during normal aging and is further exacerbated in ADRD. In this review, we discuss in vivo imaging and CSF biomarkers of BBB dysfunction currently used in the setting of aging and ADRD in humans. We also review promising candidate blood-based biomarkers that may represent BBB dysfunction.

摘要

血脑屏障（BBB）功能障碍被认为是阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症（ADRD）发展过程中的早期阶段。需要生物标志物来长期监测血脑屏障的完整性，更好地理解血脑屏障在神经退行性变中的作用，潜在地帮助确定ADRD的长期风险，并监测治疗效果。在本综述中，我们讨论了在认知衰退和痴呆背景下用于检测人类血脑屏障功能障碍的当前生物标志物。我们还讨论了用于检测血液中血脑屏障功能障碍的有前景的候选液体生物标志物。要点：血脑屏障通透性在正常衰老过程中会发生，在ADRD中会进一步加剧。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前在人类衰老和ADRD情况下使用的血脑屏障功能障碍的体内成像和脑脊液生物标志物。我们还综述了可能代表血脑屏障功能障碍的有前景的候选血液生物标志物。