Altavini Tiago S, Chen Minggui, Astorga Guadalupe, Yan Yin, Li Wu, Freiwald Winrich, Gilbert Charles D
Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.
Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Apr;122(13):e2406684122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2406684122. Epub 2025 Mar 27.
The hierarchical view of the ventral object recognition pathway is primarily based on feedforward mechanisms, starting from a fixed basis set of object primitives and ending on a representation of whole objects in the inferotemporal cortex. Here, we provide a different view. Rather than being a fixed "labeled line" for a specific feature, neurons are continually changing their stimulus selectivities on a moment-to-moment basis, as dictated by top-down influences of object expectation and perceptual task. Here, we also derive the selectivity for stimulus features from an ethologically curated stimulus set, based on a delayed match-to-sample task, that finds components that are informative for object recognition in addition to full objects, though the top-down effects were seen for both informative and uninformative components. Cortical areas responding to these stimuli were identified with functional MRI in order to guide placement of chronically implanted electrode arrays.
腹侧物体识别通路的层级观点主要基于前馈机制，从一组固定的物体基元开始，到颞下皮质中整个物体的表征结束。在此，我们提出一种不同的观点。神经元并非特定特征的固定“标记线”，而是根据物体预期和感知任务的自上而下影响，时刻不断地改变其刺激选择性。在此，我们还基于延迟匹配样本任务，从经过行为学筛选的刺激集中推导刺激特征的选择性，该任务除了完整物体外，还能找到对物体识别有信息价值的成分，尽管对有信息和无信息成分都观察到了自上而下的效应。通过功能磁共振成像确定对这些刺激有反应的皮质区域，以指导长期植入电极阵列的放置。
